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• W71440524 abstract "Abstract The objective of this investigation was to analyze mechanisms of femoral condyle and shaft fracture. Three mechanisms have been postulated for femoral condyle fractures: 1) splitting, 2) shearing, and 3) bending effects acting on individual condyles, while shaft failures are hypothesized to occur under induced bending from longitudinal loadings that do not act along the central axis of the femur. Macerated human femurs were supported in a test fixture that simulated the effective pelvic mass. Six longitudinal impact environments were investigated representing rigid, lightly padded and thickly padded interfaces acting directly on the patella or condyles. A 23 kg impactor impinged at a 7 m/s velocity against the supported femur with or without the patella aligned “in situ”. Failure mechanisms were identified by the use of high speed photographic coverage of the lateral and anterior aspects of the femur. The photographic coverage also permitted an evaluation of the influence of the effective induced shaft and condylar bending. Also, dynamic contact loads and structural accelerations were recorded in an attempt to correlate changes in load with fracture occurrence, and to compare responses with the performance of the similarly tested Part 572 dummy femur. The loading environment was significant in affecting the distribution of the load over the distal aspect of the femur and, therefore, the dynamic response and failure. Changes in the loading environment also affected the location and mechanism of the failure. Rigid impacts produced a dramatic shattering failure of the condyles while padded impacts produced a more distributed pattern of segmental condylar and shaft buckling failures. Methodology : Ten macerated human femurs, half with a patella positioned “in situ”, were supported at the proximal end (femoral head, Fig. 1) and subjected to a blunt axial impact at the distal end (condyles or patella) in an initial phase series for an unembalmed cadaver impact program. The applied load and the resultant femur-pelvic mass acceleration were monitored and the sequence of events resulting in a femoral or patella fracture were photographed for three impact interface conditions: 1) rigid, 2) padded (one inch ensolite), and 3) padded + (one inch ensolite + three inch hexcell). The femur and patella specimens were anthropometrically defined (Table 1) prior to establishing reference planes and laying out photographic grid patterns on the femoral surfaces." @default.
• W71440524 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W71440524 creator A5041617029 @default.
• W71440524 date "1977-01-01" @default.
• W71440524 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W71440524 title "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF FEMORAL FRACTURE" @default.
• W71440524 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-021937-0.50015-6" @default.
• W71440524 hasPublicationYear "1977" @default.
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