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- W72298456 abstract "The purpose of the present study was to develop a new clinical evaluation form to compare the clinical characteristics of nicotine with those associated with other drugs of abuse, using a two-compartment model consisting of and dependence syndrome. The evaluation form consisted of five scoring items: subjective effects, drug liking, withdrawal syndrome, acute psychic and acute physical disorders, and social disturbance. Drug was defined by positive scores on the item. Dependence was defined by positive scores on drug-induced pathological symptoms (withdrawal syndrome, and acute psychic and physical disorders) and social disturbance. The subjects were dependent on nicotine (cigarette smoking) (n = 114), alcohol (n = 101), methamphetamine (n = 90), inhalants (n = 63), and benzodiazepines (n = 39). All subjects met the DSM-IV-TR criteria for drug dependence. Nicotine produced a mild or the least degree of drug liking and withdrawal syndrome, without any significant social disturbance, or acute disorders. The other four drugs produced more intensive degrees of withdrawal syndrome and acute psychic and physical symptoms, with more significant social disturbance than nicotine. The present study indicated that nicotine differed from other forms of drug in that nicotine was not associated with dependence syndrome." @default.
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- W72298456 date "2004-04-01" @default.
- W72298456 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W72298456 title "Studies on clinical characteristics of nicotine dependence using a two compartment model of drug dependence" @default.
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