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• W72440841 abstract "Hydrotalcites are a class of hydroxyl-hydrated compounds formed by chemical substitution of divalent ions of the brucite-like octahedral layers by trivalent ions. This change results in positive charges, which must be balanced by anions together with water molecules arranged in interlayers alternating with the octahedral sheets. The aim of this work was to study the structural properties of this series of compounds containing chloride ions inside the interlayers. For the structural analyses of the obtained materials, X-ray diffraction, DTA/TG, scanning and transmission electron microscopies were employed. Also, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman scattering were used in a different approach if compared with the most interpretations commonly found in the literature. Measurements in the far-infrared region were carried out in all samples in the frequency range 50-700 cm-1, which shows an advance in the knowledge of the lattice vibrations of these materials as publications on this subject are rare. Also, for the mid- infrared region, our efforts involved the acquisition of data using varying means (transmission, diffuse reflectance, and specular reflectance, in vacuum or nitrogen purged atmosphere) in order to analyze and distinguish surface aspects from bulk characteristics. The results showed that chemically-substituted, crystalline, single-phase hydrotalcites were obtained. A complete description of the structure of all samples produced was accomplished by correlating the results of all techniques employed. Particularly, the influence of the chemical changes on the vibrational modes was established. XRD and thermal analyses showed that the hydrotalcites produced are different as regards to their crystallinity, order, and number of water molecules inside the interlayers. Zinc hydrotalcite was interpreted as the most crystalline among the produced materials without stacking faults, while Mg and Ni materials presented a higher number of water molecules, broader, and asymmetric XRD peaks, which were attributed to their lower ordering, crystallite size and stacking faults. The best infrared results were obtained in closed, evacuated equipment, evidencing a band structure strongly correlated to the ionic radii of the cations present in the hydrotalcites. In particular, lattice vibrations were accessed and discussed, thereby expanding the knowledge these materials. Raman spectroscopy showed a complex band structure, which is also related to the cationic radius. As also verified by FTIR, stretching, bending, and lattice modes decreased their frequencies for increasing cationic radii. The results showed that strongly coordinated water and chloride ions besides highly structured hydroxide layers have a direct influence on the stability of the hydrotalcites. The results from experiments using industrial effluents indicated good chloride removal (80%). For optimum results, a careful temperature and pH control are essential." @default.
• W72440841 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W72440841 date "2009-01-01" @default.
• W72440841 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W72440841 title "Síntese, caracterização e aplicação de hidróxidos duplos lamelares." @default.
• W72440841 hasPublicationYear "2009" @default.
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