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• W73972405 abstract "To investigate changes in U.S. college student sun tanning attitudes and behaviors over the last decade, participants completed sun tanning attitude and behavior surveys in 1995 (n=151) and a different sample of participants completed surveys in 2005 (n=208). Consistent with predictions, results indicated that college students were more likely to sun tan in 2005 than they were in 1995, although their attitudes about sun tanning have remained fairly stable. Despite government and media programming designed to educate the public about tanning risks, reported sun tanning behaviors have increased over the past decade and sun tanning attitudes have remained constant. ********** Skin cancer currently inflicts more people in the United States than every cancer combined. In 2005, the American Cancer Society estimated that 1 million people would be diagnosed with basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma and there would be 60,000 new cases of melanoma (CDC, 2006). Death rates due to skin cancer have risen in the last decade. The Center for Disease Control estimated 9,300 deaths due to skin cancer in 1995 and 10,590 in 2005 (CDC, 2006). Beginning in 1994, the CDC implemented plans for a national skin cancer prevention and education initiative, which has grown each year since (CDC, 2006). Other research has shown that the majority of college students sun tan and use tanning beds and although access to information on the dangers of tanning has increased, tanning behavior has remained consistent (Hillhouse, 1996). Additional studies found that education of adults may increase knowledge and affect short term tanning practices, but has little influence on long term tanning behaviors (Bauman, Ferguson, McKenzie, Smith, & Vita, 2002; Beasley, 1997; U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, 2003). Based on these past studies, we hypothesized that U.S. college student attitudes about sun tanning would remain relatively consistent over the last decade (1995-2005), and that U.S. college student sun tanning behaviors would increase. Methods To test these predictions, 151 male and female undergraduate college students from a large, public university in the state of Ohio completed a survey of sun tanning attitudes and behaviors in 1995. The 1995 sample was 96% Caucasian, 2% Asian, .7% African-American, .7% Hispanic, .7% other and the majority of respondents were female (64.9%) and heterosexual (98%). The average age of the 1995 sample was 22.17 years (SD=7.32) and 64% were freshmen, 15.3% sophomores, 7.3% juniors, 8.7% seniors, and 4.7% other for class year. Ten years later, 208 different male and female undergraduate college students from the same university completed the same sun tanning survey. The 2005 sample was 94.3% Caucasian, 2.8% Hispanic, 1.4% African-American, .5% Asian, .9% other and the majority of respondents were female (61%) and heterosexual (96.6%). The average age of the 1995 sample was 21.15 years (SD=6.77) and 66.8% were freshmen, 12.8% sophomores, 8.5% juniors, 8.1% seniors, and 3.8% other for class year. The survey consisted of 24 sun tanning attitude questions and 12 sun tanning frequency questions which were answered using a 5-point Likert scale. Demographic questions were also included to provide information about participant age, sex, race, year in college, and sexual orientation. Results Only two sun tanning attitude questions showed a significant change from 1995 to 2005. The 2005 sample of college students indicated that they feel more attractive when they have a suntan, t(359)=1.94, p=.05, d=.20, and they believed that men engage in sun tanning less than the 1995 sample, t(359)=2.75, p=.006, d=.29. The remaining question comparisons showed similar attitudes between the 1995 and 2005 samples. The sun tanning behavior questions indicated that the 2005 sample engages in more sun tanning behaviors in all seasons (spring, summer, fall, and winter), especially indoors, compared to the 1995 sample (all ps" @default.
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• W73972405 date "2009-03-01" @default.
• W73972405 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W73972405 title "Changes in Sun Tanning Attitudes and Behaviors of U.S. College Students from 1995 to 2005." @default.
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