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• W75121449 abstract "should perhaps expect occasional news of sexual oddities from Connecticut, the last state with a law prohibiting the use of contraceptives. (1) It would seem to make sense for strange ideas to emanate from a place where good law enforcement not so long ago would have required police surveillance at delicate moments in the bedroom. Nevertheless I was surprised by the clipping Walter Davis, of our gallant band of mathsemantic monitors (2), recently sent in, a story from page 7 of the November 24, 1995, Waterbury Republican-American. Its headline stated starkly that 92% of young men have AIDS virus Ninety-two percent! If true, that would mean that roughly eleven of every twelve young men have AIDS, a doomsday report worthy of page 1. Fortunately, had to read no further than the first sentence of the story to invalidate its headline. of every young American men - those ages 27 to 39 - may be battling the AIDS virus, according to the most precise estimates yet of the epidemic's toll. Now, one of every 92 would be only slightly more than in a hundred, and therefore only slightly more than percent. Percent simply and literally means per (per centum, Latin for a hundred, as in century, centenary, centennial, centipede, etc.). So one of every 92 is slightly more than in a hundred, a calamitous rate of AIDS infection, whereas 92% is almost everybody, a foreboding of near-extinction. Apart from the possibility that the story's copy editor had a warped sense of humor, we must conclude that he or she had a warped sense of percentages. To its credit, the Waterbury paper issued a correction, which read in full as follows: A study reported in Friday's Republican-American showed that approximately American male in was infected with the AIDS virus. A headline in the Litchfield edition the number of people Unfortunately, this correction failed to provide a correct percentage figure (slightly more than percent) and committed two new errors of its own. 1. One American male in 92 is not the same as one of every young American men. The former group includes infant boys and grandfathers, not just males in the age group with the highest rate of infection. Thus the correction changes the base, the population involved, of the percentage, and thereby misrepresents the original story. 2. Contrary to the correction, the headline in the Litchfield edition hadn't misstated the number of people infected. It had the percentage of people Percentages and numbers are not the same. Indeed, the original article nowhere stated the number of people Although Korzybski didn't discuss percentages in Science and Sanity (3), he highlighted the importance of understanding order, relations, and structure. ... the whole content of knowledge is exclusively structural. (4) ... to investigate structure we must look for relations ... (5) ... a language of order, which implies relations and structure, ... will afford the maximum of semantic benefits. (6) ... relations ... are, in a way, more 'objective' than so-called objects. (7) Percentages provide of the commonest ways to express relations. They appear daily in all manner of reports, news stories, advertisements, tip and sales-tax calculations, and ordinary conversations. Yet few people develop real facility with percentages. (8) Even writers and copy editors, two groups that should know better, often lack facility with percentages. Mathematically, percentages are trivial. Ordinary fractions, such as one-half (one out of two) and one-fourth (one out of four) provide perhaps the simplest way of expressing a partitive relationship. Percentages rephrase and standardize these relationships by using hundred as the consistent denominator (fifty out of a hundred; twenty-five out of a hundred). …" @default.
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• W75121449 date "1996-09-22" @default.
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• W75121449 title "Playing the Percentages: Sex in Connecticut" @default.
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