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• W752530002 abstract "Environmental factors affecting bird migration, whether natural or man-made, are of concern to ornithologists. Of current interest is the possible effect of large electrical power generating stations. Jackson et al. (In A Conference on the Biological Aspects of the Bird/Aircraft Collision Problem, Sidney Gauthreaux (ed.), Air Force Office of Scientific Research, 1974) found a lighted cooling tower and reactor building at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station near Lake Erie to be hazardous to migrants. Especially during rainy or overcast nights, floodlights seemed to be responsible for many casualties because the numbers of dead birds found around the buildings were greatly reduced with reduced illumination of the towers and buildings. During the spring of 1976, we used radar to observe bird migration near the Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station operated by the Boston Edison Company at Plymouth, Massachusetts, when the power plant was on standby status and not generating power. The facility does not have large cooling towers, but is cooled with sea water via a once-through system. The grounds of the power plant are brightly lighted at night. Thus, these radar observations afforded an opportunity to detect possible disorienting effects of bright lights alone without the electromagnetic fields associated with power generation. All observations were performed from the Manomet Bird Observatory and the personnel of the power plant were not informed of our observations, thus creating a blind test condition which we hope prevented any unconscious bias or change in normal operating conditions from affecting the resultant data. The ORNITHAR radar used for these observations is a short range, high resolution search radar which closely approximates a human observer with binoculars in its ability to detect birds (range, about 1 km; altitude, ground level to about 200 m), and can function at night or under poor visibility conditions. A 3-kW peak power, X band (3 cm wavelength) modified marine radar is mounted on a small van; all power and data recording systems are self-contained. The radar is operated at 0.08 microseconds pulse width for maximum resolution at 27 rpm. The slotted wave-guide antenna produces a fan-shaped beam angled upward at 300, the beam is 2.50 wide horizontally and 300 wide vertically at the 3 db points. More detailed information on the radar may be found in Williams et al. 1974 (ibid. p. 477-490). Radar observations were made each night from 20 May through 29 May 1976 from about 2100 to 0030 by recording tracks of birds from the PPI display of the radar with a specially modified super-8 mm camera. Each track consists of a series of positions of the bird at 2.2-sec intervals as it was detected by the constantly rotating radar beam. These points were traced from the films to sheets of white paper and then" @default.
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• W752530002 date "1980-01-01" @default.
• W752530002 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W752530002 title "Effect Of Nuclear Power Plant Lights On Migrants" @default.
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