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- W754360319 abstract "The presence of microplastic debris in the marine environment has been documented duringthe past 40 years. With the implementation of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive(MSFD) in 2012 the need for reliable data obtained by standardized methods has beengrowing in order to realize monitoring programs and subsequent mitigation strategies. In thiscontext a reproducible method for the detection of microplastics in marine sediments wasdeveloped in this thesis.For the analysis of sediments the extraction method is crucial. In this thesis a densityseparation approach was adapted that involved the recently invented Munich PlasticSediment Separator (MPSS) built by Hydro-Bios and a highly dense ZnCl2 solution (densityabout 1.7 g cm-3). The resulting extracted samples from North and Baltic Sea sedimentswere purified through enzymatic digestion using technical enzymes, i.e., Protease, Cellulase,Chitinase and additionally H2O2. This enzymatic digestion protocol proved to be efficient andbiologically specific since the biogenic organic matter and not the synthetic polymers wereaffected. A successful purification was necessary to enable the subsequent analysis. In thiscontext, another essential step is the identification of microplastics in order to quantify them.Since this is especially difficult for small microplastic particles (<500 μm), the highlypromising μFT-IR mapping technique was applied. Therefore the pre-treated samples wereconcentrated on Anodisc filters in a 64 mm² area that was completely analyzed usingInfrared spectroscopy in transmission mode. Applying this newly developed methodologicalsetup, five North Sea sediment samples could be investigated for their microplasticcontamination. The number of microplastic particles per sample detected ranged from 63 to105. Taking the determined sediment weight of each sample into account the relativeabundances of microplastic particles in North Sea sediments ranged from 34 (Sylt, beach) to74 (German Bight, sublittoral) particles kg-1 dry weight sediment. Furthermore, ten differenttypes of plastic polymers could be detected with a high prevalence of polypropylene (PP) inall the samples. Another omnipresent polymer type although not that frequent waspolystyrene (PS). Next to low density polymers like polyethylene (PE) also more densepolymers like polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyvinyl acetate (PVA) were identified provingthe efficiency of the extraction method. The efficacy of the enzymatic digestion was provenby the relatively clean spectra obtained during the μFT-IR measurement. This approach wasapplied for the first time for marine sediments and presents a first insight into microplasticpollution of German coastal sediments." @default.
- W754360319 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W754360319 creator A5059594046 @default.
- W754360319 date "2014-05-22" @default.
- W754360319 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W754360319 title "Detection of microplastics inmarine sediments of theGerman Coast via FT-IRspectroscopy" @default.
- W754360319 hasPublicationYear "2014" @default.
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