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• W75526321 abstract "Martensitic steels of the 9-12%Cr family are widely used in the energy industry and were selected as candidate materials for structural components of future fusion reactors. Typical in-service conditions require operating temperatures between 673 and 873 K, which means that the creep behaviour of these steels is of primary interest. In addition, some components are anticipated to operate in a pulsed mode, leading to complex time-dependencies of temperature, stress and strain in materials. Therefore, in design procedures, fatigue and creepfatigue data are required. These steels are known to soften under cyclic loadings [3] due to microstructural instability (lath and precipitates coarsening). Moreover, to meet the need for very long in-service lifetime of components (with very long hold times one month) reliable models for cyclic behaviour are necessary, since complete tests with such long holding periods cannot, of course, be carried out in laboratory. To make these extrapolations safer and more reliable a precise understanding of the physical mechanisms responsible for the softening e ect is required. Detailed TEM and EBSD measurements were carried out to quantify the microstructural evolutions and to identify the physical mechanisms taking place during fatigue and creepfatigue. The coarsening of former martensitic laths is shown to be heterogeneous for low applied strains, whereas for higher applied strains and longer holding periods the whole microstructure coarsens. Based on these observations and on a careful study of the stress partition (backstress, isotropic and viscous stress) the softening e ect is found to be mainly related to the cumulated viscoplastic strain. A physically based micromechanical modelling is proposed to account for the microstructural evolutions (lath coarsening, decrease of the density of dislocations,oe) and to predict the softening e ect, through an Hall-Petch formulation [4]. A simple annihilation mechanism, between mobile dislocations and boundary dislocations is put forward [5]. A self-consistent homogeneization scheme is used and the simulation results are found to compare favorably with experimental fatigue, creepfatigue and relaxation-fatigue results. This modelling is mainly based on measurable microstructural parameters and can thus be reasonably extrapolated to in-service conditions. The applicability of this model to creep prediction is finally discussed. [1] Bloom, E., Zinkle, S., and Wi en, F. (2004), J. of Nuclear Materials,329-333 :12-19. [2] Swindeman, R., Santella, M., Maziasz, P., Roberts, B., and Coleman, K. (2004). Pressure Vessels and piping, 81 :507-512." @default.
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• W75526321 date "2007-01-01" @default.
• W75526321 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W75526321 title "ICFRM2007/98 Micromechanical Modelling of the Cyclic Softening of 9%Cr Martensitic Steels" @default.
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