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- W76240171 abstract "Kucing Liar is a large sediment-hosted Cu-Au mineralized system containing some 15Moz of gold and5Mt of copper in ~500Mt of ore. It is situated in the Ertsberg Mining District in the Central Ranges ofNew Guinea, in the Indonesian province of West Papua. This study demonstrates that high sulphidationore is continuous with typical porphyry-skarn style chalcopyrite ore and that both have formed frommixing of magmatic with meteoric waters within a zone of fault offset.Alteration and mineralization were localised within calcareous shale and thinly bedded limestoneadjacent to the Grasberg Igneous Complex where they are zoned around fault offsets. Early phases ofalteration are stratiform and are juxtaposed against the Idenberg Fault Zone, which has displaced hoststratigraphy at least 600m vertically and possibly up to ~1,500m laterally. Four principal hydrothermalmineral associations are (1) calcic and magnesian skarn, (2) potassic assemblages including magnetite,(3) quartz-muscovite plus anhydrite and (4) locally massive pyrite. Cu and Au are associated withpyrite and occur discretely either as chalcopyrite ± bornite with an association of Cu-Au-Co (Zn-Pb) oras covellite ± enargite associated with Cu-Au (As-Sb-Hg). 40Ar/39Ar geochronology shows muscovite(3.18 ± 0.02Ma) was coeval with potassic-biotite assemblages (3.18 ± 0.02Ma and 3.20 ± 0.04Ma).Calcic and magnesian skarn were derived from magmatic fluids (_18OFLUID = 9-6‰), while potassic andmagnetite alteration were derived from high temperature (>650°C), high salinity (>50wt%NaClEQUIV.)magmatic fluids (_18OFLUID = 6-12‰). Quartz infill crystals associated with voluminous silicificationcontain a variety of fluid inclusions that range from moderate temperature (TH<420°C) high andmoderate salinity brines (35-55 and 15-30wt%NaClEQUIV.), to low density - low salinity vapour-richfluid inclusions. Fluorite-hosted inclusions with lower TH (<300°C) and salinity (~5wt%NaClEQUIV.) arealso related to quartz alteration. Quartz alteration, muscovite and anhydrite have estimated _18OFLUIDranging from 0-6‰. _D data from magnesian skarn suggest that the magma source was strongly butvariably degassed during skarn formation while clustering of biotite and tremolite _D data may indicateponding of fluids prior to exsolution, which was preceded by monzonite dyke emplacement that wereemplaced during skarn and potassic stage alteration.Fluid infiltration was controlled by an active fault system characterised by strike-slip deformationoverprinting a pre-existing reverse-slip fault. Periodic slip allowed infiltration of the magmatic fluidswhile a complex structural offset controlled the mixing of magmatic and meteoric fluids. Fluid mixingwas augmented by phase separation which gave rise to brine and vapour-rich phases that migrateddifferently due to density contrasts. Ore deposition was related to mixing of magmatic and meteoricfluids, which resulted in an increase in H2S relative to SO2, causing intense sulphidation of magnetiteand precipitation of sulphides, beginning with gold-rich chalcopyrite-dominant mineralization. Highsulphidation covellite-style mineralization occurred by contraction of the vapour phase that hadseparated from quartz-forming brines. Au, As and Sb were partitioned away from the high sulphidationcopper mineralization due to higher solubilities of these metals as bisulphide complexes and depositedin distal pyrite along with chloride-complexed Pb and Zn." @default.
- W76240171 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W76240171 creator A5054487299 @default.
- W76240171 date "2006-11-01" @default.
- W76240171 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W76240171 title "Controls of copper and gold distribution in the Kucing Liar deposit, Ertsberg mining district, West Papua, Indonesia" @default.
- W76240171 hasPublicationYear "2006" @default.
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