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• W76434698 abstract "Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that can convert the chemical energy of a reaction directly into electrical energy. Their operation is based on the oxidation of a fuel, taking part at the anode, and the reduction of an oxidant, taking part at the cathode. Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cells use as the electrolyte a polymer membrane with H+ conductivity. PEMs work at a temperature range 30-100oC and this technology is promising and close to commercialization. The most common fuel used is hydrogen. However, H2 is not directly available, and has to be extracted from other sources, usually via hydrocarbon or alcohol reforming. During this procedure carbon monoxide is formed as well. When a reformate mixture is fed to the anode of a PEM, CO adsorbs strongly on the anode, leaving few remaining sites for the adsorption of H2, and thus causing severe degradation in PEMs performance.The aim of this thesis was to study τhe role of Nafion content in sputtered IrO2 based anodes for low temperature PEM water electrolysis and also it was examined the enhanced performance of CO poisoned proton exchange membrane fuel cells via triode operation.The first chapter refers to the technology of fuel cells, their operating principles and the thermodynamic aspects. It is focused on the PEM fuel cells, the state-of-the-art materials used and the problem of water management.The second chapter gives an introduction about hydrogen which is a very prominent fuel and can straightly change the economy that is based on fossil fuels. Firstly, in this chapter is presenting, a throwback of hydrogen and a short presentation of methods of hydrogen production.Chapter 3 refers to PEM water electrolysis. It is presenting a theoretical introduction about electrolysis process and a description of the sets up that are used for electrolysis. The procedure for preparing a membrane electrode assembly and the experimental setup are also described. Stable water electrolysis was achieved in a PEM, with 100% selectivity to oxygen, using IrO2 electrodes sputter-deposited on a Ti/C support interfaced with the Nafion electrolyte. It was found that the amount of Nafion content on the electrode can affect both the rate of the oxygen evolution and the oxygen selectivity. It also appears that Nafion ionomer addition protects the C-IrO2 active sites for carbon oxidation leading to 100% selectivity to oxygen.In chapter 4 is studied the effect of triode operation on the performance of CO poisoned PEM fuel cells One of the main problems associated with the practical utilization of PEMFC units is that of CO poisoning of the Pt-based anode. This is because hydrogen-rich reformates of light hydrocarbons or liquid alcohols inevitably contain significant levels of carbon monoxide that poisons the anode and degrades fuel cell performance. The objective of this work is to investigate an alternative approach for enhancing the PEMFC performance under CO poisoning conditions by using the recently described triode fuel cell design and operation.Firstly, in chapter 4 it is described, the operating principle of the triode set up, the preparation of the electrodes and the MEA preparation. Also it is described the exact geometry of the triode set up and the schematic of a possible design of a triode PEMFC stack. It is delineated the procedure that was followed in order to obtain all the experimental data. First are presented the experimental results obtained in the conventional fuel cell operation mode without and with CO added to the anode feed gas and then proceed with the detailed presentation of the triode operation results.Ιt is also mentioned the investigation of the triode operation mechanism and the design of a triode PEMFC stuck. Triode operation of CO poisoned PEM fuel cells leads to very significant, threefold, increase in power output of the fuel cell circuit. This increase in power output is up to a factor of 1.32 larger than the power sacrificed in the auxiliary circuit and is mainly due to a significant decrease in anodic overpotential caused by the supply of protons to the anode via the auxiliary electrode. This proton supply increases the electrochemical potential of protons and chemical potential of hydrogen at the anode, thus decreasing the coverage of CO and enhancing its electrooxidation rate.Finally, the general conclusions of this study and proposals for future studies are given in chapter 5." @default.
• W76434698 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W76434698 date "2011-10-10" @default.
• W76434698 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W76434698 title "Μελέτη και ενίσχυση της απόδοσης κυψελών καυσίμου πρωτονιακής αγωγιμότητας και διατάξεων ηλεκτρόλυσης του νερού" @default.
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