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• W765640969 abstract "Many theories have been proposed to explain why some otherwise intelligent children have unexpected problems with learning to read. In this thesis, evidence is presented -in support of the hypothesis that one cause of such children's difficulties is failure to develop accurate vergence eye movement control. This leads to impaired ability to localise small targets reliably, thus explaining the 'visual' nature of some of these children's reading problems. In 432 dyslexic and normal children vergence eye movements were recorded during the Dunlop Test of visual direction sense. Poor vergence eye movements were associated with variable ('unstable') responses in the Dunlop Test whilst good vergence control concorded with stable Dunlop Test responses. Further analysis showed that many dyslexic children were significantly impaired in several measures of vergence control when compared with either chronological or reading age matched controls. The parameters which distinguished most clearly between dyslexic and normal children's binocular control were found to be a target 1 degree of angular subtense moving at 0.6 degrees/second. A computer game was also developed to measure the accuracy of children's spatial localisation and to compare this with the results of the Dunlop Test. Children with unstable responses in the Dunlop Test were significantly worse in this test than children with stable responses. Overall, females were poorer at this test than males, with unstable females registering the lowest scores. A difference between the percentage error rate in the left and right hemifields was also shown. Females with unstable Dunlop Test responses were poorer than stable females in both visual fields, while unstable males made more errors than their stable counterparts only in the left visual field. These results provide confirmation of the hypothesis that females are less highly lateralised for visuospatial functions than males. A longitudinal study was carried out over 4 years on a cohort of 29 primary school children. The children were found to improve in the stability of their Dunlop Test responses, the stability of their vergence control and in their stereoacuity as they grew older. The children with unstable Dunlop Test responses and poor vergence control were found be significantly worse readers than those who showed good binocular control. Also children who took longer to develop stable responses to the Dunlop Test had poorer reading ability than those who developed good binocular control at an early age. The results are discussed in relation to a model of the development of reading ability and other postulated causes of reading difficulties. It is concluded that impaired vergence control may be associated with unreliable spatial localisation of words and letters. This is thought to be a sufficient cause for the difficulties some children show when learning to read, though it may often appear in combination with impaired linguistic skills." @default.
• W765640969 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W765640969 date "1987-01-01" @default.
• W765640969 modified "2023-10-03" @default.
• W765640969 title "Vergence eye movements and dyslexia" @default.
• W765640969 hasPublicationYear "1987" @default.
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