FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W766751027> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W766751027 endingPage "281" @default.
• W766751027 startingPage "281" @default.
• W766751027 abstract "In 1954, the landmark ruling of Brown v. the Board of Education fulfilled the educational wishes of generations of African American parents, the right to an education for their children (Spencer, 2005, 2008). The legal right to equal educational opportunities for their child was the minimum expectation of parents celebrated by parents. The seminal findings from research that served an important role in the decision process of the Supreme Court were the famous 'doll study' by African American psychologists Kenneth and Mamie Phipps Clark (see Clark & Clark, 1950). Their research findings were used as evidence to the Court of the negative psychological impact of segregated school systems.Throughout history on this continent, African American parents consistently held high expectations for the education of their children. As documented in a classic work by Carter G. Woodson (1919), he demonstrated that throughout the period of enslavement, where an enslaved African was legally forbidden to read and being caught reading the basis for vicious physical punishments-African Americans found a way to 'get an education.' The famous former slave Frederick Douglass also wrote in his autobiography that although separated from his mother at a young age, he found creative ways to fulfill his mother's dream-to read (Douglass, 2004).The families and community of freed slaves continued to find ways to achieve an education despite Jim segregation and centuries of terrorism of the Ku Klux Klan. In fact, more recent scholarship emphasizes how the legacies associated with Jim segregation still exist under different mechanisms. For example, Alexander (2012) argued that the last two decades have influenced a New Jim Crow in which legalized segregation has been replaced with a penal system associated with unjust incarceration outcomes, especially for African American males. Heilig and Holme (2013) highlighted how current school segregation in Texas is reminiscent of former Jim laws in that Latino/a and African American students are exposed to the most challenging school contexts and they have the least amount of institutional supports.During the Jim era, African American parents used specific socialization strategies to prepare their children to deal with the realities of discrimination and racism (Spencer, 1982). Moving forward Black parents recognized that despite the legal gains, Black children still required additional protective childrearing techniques that are called, 'racial socialization' (Spencer, 1982, 2006). These racial socialization mechanisms acknowledged that race was and still is a social construct associated with a hierarchy of institutional racism. However, as Spencer highlighted by focusing on normal human development processes (1982, 2006, 2008), socialization is connected to normal child development (i.e., understanding children's cognitive capacities to understand social phenomena) as well as ecological contexts. For example, parents must use protective factors to socialize children until children get old enough to understand concepts such as institutional racism and discriminatory practices.Sixty years post Brown; modem African American parents continue to socialize their children to fight new forms of modem racism and discrimination within the school system and the larger community. The educational achievement gap for African American and Hispanic students, as manifested by their lower high school graduation rates is at alarmingly high rates relative to White students (National Center for Education Statistics, 2009). Additionally, African Americans and Hispanics continue to be less likely to enroll in college immediately after high school than both White and Asian Americans (Hayes, Cunningham, & Coursealt, 2006; Trusty, 2002). Spencer (2005) highlighted:The Supreme Court's Brown ruling, in striking down segregation, was supposed to create educational opportunities for African Americans that might then access given normal human developmental processes, effective competence, motivation (see deCharms, 1968, White, 1959), and achievement orientation. …" @default.
• W766751027 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W766751027 creator A5007955461 @default.
• W766751027 creator A5018796683 @default.
• W766751027 creator A5084001309 @default.
• W766751027 date "2014-01-01" @default.
• W766751027 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W766751027 title "The Role of Racial Socialization in Promoting the Academic Expectations of African American Adolescents: Realities in a Post-<em>Brown</em> Era" @default.
• W766751027 cites W1966808745 @default.
• W766751027 cites W1976238541 @default.
• W766751027 cites W1990711326 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2007378499 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2023689044 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2027970130 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2028200479 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2035452800 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2037557484 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2039680647 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2044733850 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2044936326 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2048522257 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2056827538 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2057994179 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2075670547 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2082034095 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2108780615 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2110113679 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2114502750 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2116610706 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2118809655 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2118919126 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2128101248 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2128387396 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2154778410 @default.
• W766751027 cites W2169544264 @default.
• W766751027 cites W4210923330 @default.
• W766751027 cites W4229502135 @default.
• W766751027 cites W4240054900 @default.
• W766751027 cites W4255599061 @default.
• W766751027 doi "https://doi.org/10.7709/jnegroeducation.83.3.0281" @default.
• W766751027 hasPublicationYear "2014" @default.
• W766751027 type Work @default.
• W766751027 sameAs 766751027 @default.
• W766751027 citedByCount "11" @default.
• W766751027 countsByYear W7667510272015 @default.
• W766751027 countsByYear W7667510272016 @default.
• W766751027 countsByYear W7667510272017 @default.
• W766751027 countsByYear W7667510272018 @default.
• W766751027 countsByYear W7667510272020 @default.
• W766751027 countsByYear W7667510272021 @default.
• W766751027 countsByYear W7667510272023 @default.
• W766751027 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W766751027 hasAuthorship W766751027A5007955461 @default.
• W766751027 hasAuthorship W766751027A5018796683 @default.
• W766751027 hasAuthorship W766751027A5084001309 @default.
• W766751027 hasConcept C107993555 @default.
• W766751027 hasConcept C138496976 @default.
• W766751027 hasConcept C144024400 @default.
• W766751027 hasConcept C15744967 @default.
• W766751027 hasConcept C19165224 @default.
• W766751027 hasConcept C25032326 @default.
• W766751027 hasConcept C2781206393 @default.
• W766751027 hasConcept C2987028688 @default.
• W766751027 hasConcept C77805123 @default.
• W766751027 hasConceptScore W766751027C107993555 @default.
• W766751027 hasConceptScore W766751027C138496976 @default.
• W766751027 hasConceptScore W766751027C144024400 @default.
• W766751027 hasConceptScore W766751027C15744967 @default.
• W766751027 hasConceptScore W766751027C19165224 @default.
• W766751027 hasConceptScore W766751027C25032326 @default.
• W766751027 hasConceptScore W766751027C2781206393 @default.
• W766751027 hasConceptScore W766751027C2987028688 @default.
• W766751027 hasConceptScore W766751027C77805123 @default.
• W766751027 hasIssue "3" @default.
• W766751027 hasLocation W7667510271 @default.
• W766751027 hasOpenAccess W766751027 @default.
• W766751027 hasPrimaryLocation W7667510271 @default.
• W766751027 hasRelatedWork W1894562138 @default.
• W766751027 hasRelatedWork W1981682337 @default.
• W766751027 hasRelatedWork W2060383268 @default.
• W766751027 hasRelatedWork W2068334897 @default.
• W766751027 hasRelatedWork W2136525902 @default.
• W766751027 hasRelatedWork W2190329522 @default.
• W766751027 hasRelatedWork W2748952813 @default.
• W766751027 hasRelatedWork W2897707920 @default.
• W766751027 hasRelatedWork W2899084033 @default.
• W766751027 hasRelatedWork W3082527258 @default.
• W766751027 hasVolume "83" @default.
• W766751027 isParatext "false" @default.
• W766751027 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W766751027 magId "766751027" @default.
• W766751027 workType "article" @default.