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- W770298284 abstract "The use of private or semi-private operators is a general trend in France outside the Paris area. These enterprises are linked to groups, the recent evolution of which is presented. The operation of urban transport in France is effected within the framework of contacts drawn up between public communities and transport operators. Outside the Paris area, private operators represent at least 60% of the network and, in association with the public sector, have a share in the assets of local transport companies or supply technical assistance and make available managerial staff. At a time when certain countries have placed on their agenda the question of the possible role of the private sector in the operation of their mass transport system, it is interesting to examine the case of France where the involvement of the private sector has always been the prevailing case in the provinces, not only in the case of transportation but also in other local public services such as the supply of water, sewage and rubbish collection. Originally, these enterprises came into existence at the time of the installation of the electric tramways at the close of the last century. Since then, the sector has evolved along with the growing importance of the automobile after the war and the consequent decline in its returns. These last ten years have been marked by their withdrawal of capital from venture, by their involvement in the public sector and by their transformation into management companies. The period seems to be marked by three trends: concentration of the groups and diversification of their activities; claims for autonomy on the part of the enterprises in relation to the public enterprises; research into new means of financing.(a) for the covering abstract of the seminar see IRRD 816535." @default.
- W770298284 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W770298284 date "1987-01-01" @default.
- W770298284 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W770298284 title "PRIVATE AND SEMI-PRIVATE GROUPS OF URBAN TRANSPORT IN FRANCE ---TRANSPORT POLICY. PROCEEDINGS OF SEMINAR A HELD AT THE PTRC TRANSPORT AND PLANNING SUMMER ANNUAL MEETING, UNIVERSITY OF BATH, ENGLAND 7-11 SEPTEMBER 1987. VOLUME P288" @default.
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