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- W77105065 abstract "There are three general categories of adverse reactions that have been associated with cannabis: acute adverse reactions, flashbacks, and prolonged reactions. While these disorders have been variously linked to the consumption of a biological agent (i.e., cannabis), there is persistent controversy over syndrome definition; the relative role of set, setting, and premorbid personality (versus the direct “toxic” effect of the drug) in the etiology of specific symptom clusters; as well as questions of cause and effect (versus mere association) especially in the relationship between marihuana use and some of the prolonged reactions. Two types of acute reactions have been described: toxic reactions and panic reactions. The format have been characterized by errors in judgement and confusion. There may also be an amnesic period following the period of gross intoxication. Toxic reactions appear to be dose related and are, therefore, thought to be less common in North America than in the Near and Far East. Panic reactions consist of overwhelming anxiety and a fear of loss of control in response to drug-induced symptoms. Factors related to set, setting, and/or personality which rriay lead the drug user to respond with severe anxiety to the pharmacological effects of the drug are responsible for acute panic reactions. Flashbacks secondary to marihuana use have been described, but their specific association with marihuana is controversial since some observers attribute flashbacks to the associated use of hallucinogen, In some marihuana users. Cannabis psychosis has been differentiated from schizophrenia in the Eastern literature, but the distinctions that have been drawn do not appear to be clear enough at this time to validate the existence of a specific syndrome (cannabis psychosis) with implications for North American patterns of use. Indeed, NIDA-supported studies in Greece and Jamaica failed to identify this disorder in users of cannabis. Finally, evidence is evaluated relative to the existence of nonpsychotic prolonged adverse reactions and a public health evaluation program is proposed to clarify the psychiatric risks of cannabis consumption." @default.
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- W77105065 date "1978-01-01" @default.
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- W77105065 title "PSYCHOSES AND OTHER ADVERSE PSYCHIATRIC REACTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH MARIHUANA" @default.
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- W77105065 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4832-8322-7.50164-3" @default.
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