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- W77125850 abstract "This study investigated the nature of spatial ability, as measured by four instruments based on spatial orientation and visualization, and its relationship to the mathematical performance of elementary school pupils. Participating in the study were 127 elementary school students, 72 boys and 55 girls, ages 10 to 11 years. Spatial ability was measured by the Spatial Relations-Orientation Test and the Spatial Visualization Test, each having twoand three-dimensional aspects. Mathematics performance was assessed by the Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills, and included mathematical computation, concepts, and application. The findings of a factor analysis on the Spatial Relations-Orientation Test and the Spatial Visualization Test indicated that spatial ability was best defined by a unitary factor. Boys did not perform significantly better than the girls on the four individual spatial tasks. There was a significant positive relationship between spatial ability and mathematical performance. The spatial factor score was a significant predictor of mathematics performance. There were no significant gender-related differences in the relationship between spatial ability and mathematical performance. (Contains 21 references.) (KB) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ERIC 2000 submission: U.S. UtHAH I MLN I DUCA! ION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) ..A.This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. SPATIAL ABILITY AND MATHEMATICAL PERFORMANCE : GENDER DIFFERENCES IN AN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL SeokHoon Seng and Betty Chan National Institute of Education Nanyang Technological University Singapore Abstract PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BYPERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 1 The purpose of this study was to investigate the nature of spatial ability as measured by four instruments based on spatial orientation and visualisation, and its relationship to the mathematical performance of elementary school pupils. Research reviews indicate that such relationships have shown inconclusive and even conflicting results varying with respect to age and sex differences. In this study 127 elementary school pupils, 72 boys and 55 girls were given 4 spatial relations tasks in their two and three dimensionalities. Their performance in mathematical computation, concepts and application were examined and correlated with their spatial ability. Results showed that spatial ability is best defined by a unitary factor. There is some gender difference in spatial ability with different manifestations for both boys and girls. However, the boys were found not to be significantly better than the girls in the four spatial tasks. A significant positive relationship was found to exist between spatial ability and mathematical performance. There are no significant gender-related differences in the relationship between spatial ability and mathematical performance. Several important educational implications from this study are highlighted. In the 1960s, many psychometricians believed that one mode of thought underlies both mathematical and spatial reasoning; some proposed that spatial ability enables those who possess it to reason differently and more effectively. (Smith, 1964; Witkin et al., 1962; Battista, 1994). However, not all researchers agree on these views. Spatial skills may just be another cognitive skill and Howard Gardner (1983) articulated in the notion of a single logicomathematical ability which is the ability to handle long chains of reasoning and to discover analogies between mathematical abstractions. Interest in the nature of the relationship between spatial ability and mathematical performance has led to further research. The results are often contrasting, both in the approximate size of correlations found and the conclusions drawn from them (Becker and Hedges, 1984)." @default.
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- W77125850 title "Spatial Ability and Mathematical Performance: Gender Differences in an Elementary School." @default.
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