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- W771656144 abstract "Chatham Village: Pittsburgh's Garden City By Angelique Bamberg Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2011, xv + 214pp. Color and black and white photographs, architectural drawings, preface, notes, and index. $29.95 (hardcover), ISBN: 9780822944065.Community design in the United States is rich in examples of bold experiments: communal utopias, paternalistic industrial complexes, and sprawling automobile suburbs. Angelique Bamberg's impressive comprehensive history of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania's Chatham Village explains why this small designed community of only a few hundred row houses remains one of the model landmark experiments of the past century.Bamberg, a historian, preservationist, and University of Pittsburgh instructor effectively uses archival sources, published criticism, and interviews to form a narrative that describes a housing revolution that wasn't (p. ix). Constructed in 1932, Chatham Village displays the period's established Garden City design principals of attractive Revival Style dwellings set in ample green spaces, and a conscious separation of automobiles from residents. The two experimental features that set Chatham Village apart from other developments were the project's forprofit financing and the social engineering of its residents. Attempting to resolve the Steel City's middle-class shortage, the local Buhl Foundation funded the community's construction in the Mt. Washington neighborhood. The forprofit venture was sustained by low profit margins and a comprehensive vetting of potential renters. Chatham Village has demonstrated consistent stability that started with its Depression Era construction and extended to its I960 reorganization as a co-op of individually owned units managed by an owners' association. It remains one of the city's vibrant communities.Bamberg presents Chatham Village's story in a rationally organized and sequential narrative. Chapters are organized by theme, beginning with the precedent community designs that inspired Chatham's development - particularly the substantial influence of Ebenezer Howard's Garden Cities. Pittsburgh's Depression Era shortage was exacerbated by the financial collapse of the local construction industry. The demand for inspired local department store owner and philanthropist Henry Buhl Jr., with his foundation's director Charles Fletcher Lewis, to invest in the construction of high density row houses instead of detached family dwellings. Using period publications and project studies, the author effectively defines the social improvement by innovative design philosophy of Chatham's celebrated architects Clarence S. Stein and Henry Wright. Bamberg includes landscape architect Ralph E. Griswold's contributions towards designing the community's character defining courtyards, playgrounds, and natural setting.The author correctly identifies how successful community design extends far beyond the simple task of erecting structures. The Buhl Foundation went to great lengths to assemble an employed, socially stable, middle-class population of families to populate the project. The development included abundant public spaces for residents to socialize. Community-wide activities such as clubs, dances, and holiday celebrations were consistently promoted. To maintain renter satisfaction, the property management was notorious for their quick repairs. Chatham's popularity with its residents resulted in low occupant turnover and waiting lists for potential tenants.Described by Banberg as a Demonstration, Not a Revolution, Chatham Village influenced a few for-profit communities, but not broad changes to the culture of development (p. 133). Despite its success and potential for widespread application, the community, along with its capacity to inspire change, was buried in the wave of federally subsidized Depression Era programs. …" @default.
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- W771656144 date "2014-10-01" @default.
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- W771656144 title "Chatham Village: Pittsburgh's Garden City" @default.
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