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• W77448645 abstract "I. Similarities On January 7, 1929, Mikhail Bakhtin was arrested on a set of charges increasingly common in Stalin's USSR. His name was reportedly discovered on a list of counterrevolutionaries in Paris; he was accused of membership in the Brotherhood of Saint Serafim, an underground religious order; and he was cited with corrupting the youth in the course of private lectures. On the latter Socratic charge he was sentenced to ten years' labor at the notorious Solovetsky Island gulag. Thanks to the intervention of some well-placed friends, Bakhtin's sentence was reduced to six years' exile in Kazakhstan, where he worked as a bookkeeper for the Kustanai District Consumers' Cooperative. He helped calculate agricultural quotas and witnessed the famine that resulted when these quotas were not significantly reduced during the poor crop of 1932-33. In 1934, Bakhtin published his first work since 1929's Problems of Dostoevsky's Art: an article in Soviet Trade entitled Experience Based on a Study of Demand among Kolkhoz Workers. At the same time he was at work on something very different, Discourse in the Novel, which he was unable to publish until much later. While Bakhtin was writing Discourse in the Novel, Erich Auerbach was leading a different sort of life in Germany. He held the chair in Romance Philology at Marburg, and in this enclave lived--as he told Walter Benjamin in a letter written in 1935--among honorable people, who ... think as I do (748). It was an existence as precarious as pleasant. In April of 1933 the newly-elected Nazis had enacted a law banning Jews from the civil service, which with Hitler's self-promotion to Fuhrer in 1934 was being enforced with increasing strictness. Life in Marburg, Auerbach recognized, was untenable: conduces to foolishness, he wrote to Benjamin: leads to the belief that there is something on which one could build--while the opinions of individuals, even if there are many of them, don't matter at all (748). Auerbach was dismissed from his position on October 16, 1935, and left the next year with his family for Istanbul. There, cut off from his colleagues and without a proper library, he wrote Mimesis. Many parallels tempt the critic of Bakhtin and Auerbach. Both were exiles--exiles of the most notorious totalitarian regimes of the twentieth century. Both wrote their best-known works in exile: Bakhtin wrote Discourse in the Novel in 1933-34 in Kazakhstan and Auerbach wrote Mimesis in Turkey from 1942 to 1945. The works themselves have much in common: both are analyses of literary style, and both carry out their analysis by means of a grand opposition--for Bakhtin, the distinction between poetic and novelistic style; for Auerbach, the opposition of Homeric and Old Testament style. The conclusions of the two works are also remarkably similar: both favor a multivoiced, multiperspectival style, which Bakhtin calls dialogism and Auerbach multipersonal representation of consciousness (536). We can also speculate about a common historical motivation for their championing such styles. Faced with parallel experiences of exile from authoritarian states, it seems reasonable that these trained literary analysts should have sought to understand their predicament in its linguistic basis, and should have sought in response to theorize a linguistic style capable of defeating or upsetting the styles of those in power. II. Honesty in Literary Style But what of these terms and dishonest? (1) Later I will use them to distinguish the critical styles of these two stylistic critics: to determine whether Bakhtin or Auerbach is the more honest critic--the one who comes closest to writing in the style he advocates. But initially I want to argue that the question of honesty supplies further common ground between Discourse in the Novel and Mimesis. Honesty in literary style, I contend, is the central preoccupation of both. In Discourse in the Novel, honesty undergirds Bakhtin's structuring dichotomy of poetic and novelistic style. …" @default.
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• W77448645 date "2011-12-22" @default.
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• W77448645 title "The Honest and Dishonest Critic: Style and Substance in Mikhail Bakhtin's Discourse in the Novel and Erich Auerbach's Mimesis" @default.
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