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- W774545411 abstract "DOI: 10.1159/000354129 290 5th Congress of the European Federation for Primatology considerably between species for any given body size. Numerous hypotheses have been put forward to explain this variation. In recent years, we have tested predictions that flow from a framework focusing on the energetic aspects of having a large amount of the metabolically expensive brain tissue. In this talk, I will give an overview of our findings from broad comparative phylogenetic studies in mammals, and their implications for our understanding of non-human and human primate evolution. In sum, we found evidence for two pathways to increase relative brain size compared to the ancestral state. First, a species may change its lifestyle to allow for a stable increase in its total energy budget, e.g. by changing its diet. Alternatively, or in combination with the first pathway, a species may allocate more energy to the brain and less to other expensive functions such as offspring production. Ultimately, this option results in very low population growth rates even in good conditions, as found in great apes. A further increase in brain size would not be compatible with demographically viable populations in these large-brained primates. However, using comparative evidence from mammals, we demonstrate that help from non-mothers can alleviate this trade-off between reproductive effort and brain size. Nevertheless, the energetic constraints on brain size evolution will only be overcome in species that can actually benefit from enhanced cognitive abilities. While such benefits are potentially ubiquitous, we would expect them to be undermined by unavoidable mortality in some socioecological conditions, and by the difficulty of transferring knowledge across generations in some social systems. A combined test of all these considerations remains a challenge, largely due to the shortcomings of the distinct datasets, but I will present the newest data and results from our current projects." @default.
- W774545411 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W774545411 date "2013-01-01" @default.
- W774545411 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
- W774545411 title "Do wild Chimpanzees have functionally referential food calls" @default.
- W774545411 hasPublicationYear "2013" @default.
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