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• W781636735 abstract "ion Babcock (1994) also reported unique age-related variance attributed to other abilities; namely, identification of rules (i.e., inducing abstract relations), application of such rules. According to Conway et al. (2002), the link between working memory (includes central executive component) and general fluid intelligence is the demand for active maintenance of information in the face of concurrent processing of information and/or attention shifts, and this is a demand for controlled attention. It is clear that controlled attention (Engle et al., 1999) contributes to the variance in fluid intelligence, but it is also clear that Gf is fundamentally more than controlled attention (Birney et al, 2006). Tasks that require controlled attention processes involve operations such as inhibition, divided attention, and set switching (Anum, 2006), but even with regard to these executive functions, Friedman et al. (2006) noted that only 57% of the variance in fluid intelligence was accounted for by executive abilities, namely, inhibiting, updating, and shifting. The view that working memory is not synonymous with Gf is not uncommon among neuroscience or neuropsychology researchers (Kane et al., 2005). In fact, a recent meta-analysis concerning these two abilities concluded that that individual tests of working memory capacity and Gf (or reasoning) share only about 20% of their variance, on average (Ackerman et al., 2005). Garlick and Sennowski (2006) point out that, in addition to working memory and executive function, neurobiological models of fluid intelligence would be bolstered by the inclusion of abstraction, as all fluid intelligence problems involve abstraction. These authors also point out that abstraction has historically been recognized as the hallmark of intelligence (Synderman & Rothman, 1987). Both scaling studies and factor analyses show that tests that require reasoning, or reflect the products of past reasoning, fall in the" @default.
• W781636735 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W781636735 creator A5007094462 @default.
• W781636735 date "2011-06-29" @default.
• W781636735 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W781636735 title "Determinants of functional decline in community-dwelling older adults" @default.
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