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• W785376912 abstract "This study was performed to investigate the hydraulics of multiple opening bridges that include a main channel bridge and one or more relief bridges. A relief bridge is installed in an overbank to reduce the return flow to the main channel bridge by conveying some of the total flow. Since significant erosion/scour has been observed at some relief bridges in Kansas, it has been hypothesized that there may be a lag in the rise of the tailwater elevation relative to the rise in headwater as a flood wave passes through a bridge system. As a flood wave passes through a bridge system, significant ponding could occur on the upstream side of the bridge particularly if the main channel bridge were undersized relative to the flood. This could, in turn, “meter” the flow through the opening causing a delayed rise in the tail water elevation downstream from the bridge relative to the rise in the headwater elevation. If this were to happen, very high velocities would be observed through the relief bridge, resulting in significant local scour. The initial objective of this project was to use the HEC-RAS Unsteady Flow model Version 4.1.0 to study the condition hypothesized above by using the Multiple Opening Analysis option. Three bridge sites with relief bridges were selected for analysis. The HEC-RAS water surface profiles throughout the flood simulations showed little if any tailwater lag for any of the studies. The Flo2D model produced depth versus time plots for individual grid cells. This enables users to look more carefully at local variations in flow parameters. No significant tailwater time lags were observed in Flo2D for the three sites studied. In conclusion, it seems that for the large floods considered in this study, the tailwater time lag condition was not observed in either unsteady HEC-RAS or Flo2D modeling. However, this does not mean that such a condition does not exist. The assumption used by Kansas Department of Transportation for the relief bridge is to assume critical depth and velocity at relief bridges for scour calculations. This assumes that the minimum depth (regardless of tailwater) is critical when the approach flow is subcritical. Subcritical approach flow is nearly always the case for major rivers in Kansas. While HEC-RAS and its predecessor HEC-2 were the dominant flood modeling software for three decades, two-dimensional modeling is now increasing in popularity due to improvement in programs, availability of detailed terrain data, the widespread use of Geographic Information Systems and faster computers. Still, execution times for large basins like those studied herein are at least an order of magnitude longer than analogous HEC-RAS unsteady flow models." @default.
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• W785376912 date "2012-12-01" @default.
• W785376912 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W785376912 title "Unsteady Flow Analysis of Relief Bridges" @default.
• W785376912 hasPublicationYear "2012" @default.
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