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• W790685651 abstract "Neighbourhood Governance in Urban China, Ngai-Ming Yip (ed.), Cheltenham and Northampton, MA, Edward Elgar, 2014, 213 pp., £70, ISBNgj8-i-j8ioo-024-3This book is timely, coming as it does at a time when interest in China's urban growth remains high (for example, Ren, 2013), and neighbourhood/ community governance is increasingly emphasised in many countries, particularly the UK (cf. the 2011 Localism Act). However, as Chapter 2 of the book, written by Benjamin Read, acknowledges, Western theories around neighbourhood governance 'were created against the backdrop of a pluralist model of societal organization' (p. 30), with more-or-less independent grassroots activity. That model, certainly in recent years, is not directly transferable to the Chinese context, so this book makes a valuable contribution to developing our knowledge of neighbourhood governance in a specific setting.As the introduction to the book, written by the editor, notes, there have been 'thousands of years of tradition' of 'semi-official grassroots organizations' in China, known as baoja (p. 5). Of course, during the first forty years or so of the People's Republic of China, until the reforms of the 1980s, unofficial autonomous groupings were discouraged, to say the least, by the Chinese state. There was a form of neighbourhood governance, with the work unit (danwei) the locus of life for the typical urban resident. In recent years, however, in parallel with the move to a market-driven housing model, the work unit has declined in importance and was replaced as 'the nerve tips of the state' (p. 73) by residents' committees.The relationship between residents' committees and homeowners' associations - one of the few types of autonomous groupings to be tolerated in China - is the focus for a number of the contributions to this edited volume. The prevalence of homeowners' associations varies widely across China - in Guangzhou, the third largest city in the country, only 15 per cent of commercial housing estates have these associations, whereas in Shanghai the proportion is as high as 80 per cent (Werner Breitung, Chapter 9). Opinions as to the likely spread, and success in intervening in governance, of these bottom-up forms of organisation vary within the book. Shengli Guo and Xiaoyi Sun (Chapter 6) believe that 'the emergence of civil society in urban China appears to be in sight' (p. 91), whereas Youhong Chen (Chapter 7) uses the collective action theory of Olson to argue that the large scale of many housing developments in China means that 'successful cooperative action in the neighbourhood is far from likely' (1965, 118). Other contributions (including Juan Tang, Jianjun Wang and Hongxia Chai, Chapter 8) do identify examples of successful homeowners' associations.These successful examples are relatively rare, in part because of the shifting power dynamics in play between the state, homeowners' associations and private developers - the second key recurring topic in the book. …" @default.
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• W790685651 title "Neighbourhood Governance in Urban China" @default.
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