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• W791301355 abstract "Title of dissertation: ESSAYS ON SKILLS AND VICTIMIZATION Miguel Sarzosa, Doctor of Philosophy, 2015 Dissertation directed by: Professor Sergio Urzua Department of Economics Recent literature has shown that skills are not only essential for the development of successful adults, but also that they are malleable and prone to be affected by many experiences. In this dissertation, I explore these two sides of skills and development. I use skills as a vehicle to study the consequences victimization events have on adult outcomes, and as the channels through which the gaps in those adult outcomes materialize. I use novel longitudinal surveys and rely on an empirical strategy that recognizes skills as latent constructs. First, I estimate the treatment effects being bullied and being a bully in middle school have on several outcomes measured at age 18. I find that both, victims and bullies, have negative consequences later in life. However, they differ in how non-cognitive and cognitive skills palliate or exacerbate these consequences. Then, I move on to investigate the channels that open the gaps in adult outcomes between victims and non-victims. I estimate a structural dynamic model of skill accumulation. I allow skill formation to depend on past levels of skills, parental investment and bullying. Also, I allow bullying itself to depend on each student’s past skills and those of his or her classmates. I find that being bullied at age 14 depletes current skill levels by 14% of a standard deviation for the average child. This skill depletion causes the individual to become 25% more likely to experience bullying again at age 15. Therefore bullying triggers a self-reinforcing mechanism that opens an ever-growing skill gap that reaches about one standard deviation by age 16. Finally, under the light of skills, I explore how other type of victimization, namely discrimination against sexual minorities, creates income gaps against nonheterosexual workers. I estimate a structural model that relies on the identification of unobserved skills to allow schooling choices, occupational choices and labor market outcomes to be endogenously determined and affected by the sexual preference of the worker. The results show that difference in skills, observable characteristics, and tastes for tertiary education and type of occupation, contribute to at least half of the income gaps non-heterosexuals face. ESSAYS ON SKILLS AND VICTIMIZATION by Miguel Alonso Sarzosa Castillo Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2015 Advisory Committee: Professor Sergio Urzua, Chair Professor Natasha Cabrera Professor Sebastian Galiani, Advisor Professor Soohyung Lee Professor Andrew Sweeting" @default.
• W791301355 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W791301355 date "2015-01-01" @default.
• W791301355 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W791301355 title "ESSAYS ON SKILLS AND VICTIMIZATION" @default.
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• W791301355 doi "https://doi.org/10.13016/m22s7v" @default.
• W791301355 hasPublicationYear "2015" @default.
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