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- W797595694 abstract "The operation of a road tunnel always involves the risk of a fire which may endanger persons located in the tunnel in the form of smoke exposure, heat and confined spatial conditions. The tunnel ventilation system, which is normally used mainly to dilute and remove vehicle emissions from the tunnel itself, therefore has to ensure the provision of smoke-free escape and rescue routes for the tunnel users. The steady reduction of vehicle emissions due to technical developments means that the air flow requirement in normal tunnel operation has recently decreased. In the case of fire, however, the conditions have largely remained unchanged. This means that a potential fire scenario is now the determining factor, when designing tunnel ventilation systems. Minimum protective measures for the ventilation of road tunnels have been established on the basis of the latest results obtained from fire tests and actual fire events, as well as from calculations using three-dimensional fire models (CFD Code). The results are reflected in a qualitative risk assessment approach, which is a semi-quantitative one and with which it is possible to check whether certain protection measures (e.g. ventilation systems, emergency exits distances and other safety relevant equipment and regulations) are suitable in terms of safety (escape and rescue) in the case of fire. For this purpose, it is also necessary to determine the qualitative risk potential of various tunnel- and traffic parameters, e.g. average annual traffic rate (AATR) and type of traffic, tunnel longitudinal slope, and traffic density and to try to establish certain categories (e.g. AATR versus tunnel equipment classes) for the preliminary design of road tunnels. With a qualitative ranking, it is then possible to determine whether a certain planned tunnel has probably low, medium or high risk potentials and whether or not specific investigations have to be undertaken for a detailed design. For the covering abstract see ITRD E114957." @default.
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- W797595694 date "2001-01-01" @default.
- W797595694 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W797595694 title "MINIMUM PROTECTION MEASURES IN THE CASE OF FIRE IN ROAD TUNNELS" @default.
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