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• W80906695 abstract "The Women's Awakening in Egypt: Culture, Society, and the Press, by Beth Baron. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 1994. x + 193 pages. Notes to p. 245. Index to p. 259. $27.50. The myth that men first promoted women's rights in Egypt is countered in this examination of women's journals in the decades prior to the 1919 revolution. Baron describes her project as the attempt to recover women's voices by tracing the beginning of the Arabic women's press, revealing a new female literary culture. The fame of male writers such as Qasim Amin has overshadowed a lively literary interaction in which women participated as authors, editors, and readers. While traditional accounts of women's public activism in Egypt usually begin with the 1920s, Baron argues for the need to look instead at female intellectuals and the journals they produced to understand the evolution of women's entry into public life. One strength of this interesting historical reconstruction is the emphasis on the connections between literary culture and social transformation. Baron discusses the relationship between authors and readers who participated in this new literary climate, and details the dramatic changes in women's lives under debate. By situating the texts, she avoids the ahistorical tendencies common to accounts of Middle Eastern women and gives a vivid portrait of a time of change. Women writers emerge, not only as acute observers, but also as initiators of change, re-imagining community and family, a process that continues in the debates over women's role in the Arabic press today. Baron found few accounts of individual lives and little autobiography. But she draws our attention to the ethnic and religious differences among women writers, from the work of Syrian Christians in the earlier period to the endeavors of later Egyptian writers, both Christian and Muslim. While these writers elaborate a variety of arguments, it is intriguing that they generally justified their work, not as personal expression, but as a service to others and to larger causes. One poignant example concerns the emphasis on children's health in an era of high child mortality. Articles counseled women to breast-feed their children, rather than using less attentive wet nurses. Indeed, authors would write only after all their domestic duties were done, as they were careful to inform their readers; writing was intended to enhance and not replace domesticity. In a related point, many used pseudonyms, rather than breaking customary ideals of seclusion, and in fact the debate over revelation of names parallels the debate over dropping the face veil. Contemporary middle-class ideals, which emphasize women working outside the home in order to serve their families and be better mothers rather than for personal satisfaction, reveal the same concerns. …" @default.
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• W80906695 title "Women -- the Women's Awakening in Egypt: Culture, Society, and the Press by Beth Baron" @default.
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