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- W809671639 abstract "INTRODUCTION Dixidae (or meniscus midges) are small to middle sized (wing length 2–6 mm) nematocerous Diptera that are placed in the superfamily Culicoidea. Recent molecular studies confirm the separate family status for these midges. However, different hypotheses exist about the sister-group(s) of the Dixidae, and it is impossible to decide as long as different sets of families are analyzed in one study. Adults are long-legged midges resembling the related and better known Culicidae, but differing primarily in the absence of scales on wings and body (Fig. 1A). The eyes are separate in both sexes, ocelli absent, antenna 16-segmented, and antennal segments usually elongate. The palpi are of four segments, the proboscis is short, and mouth parts non-biting. The thorax has patterns of brown and yellowish stripes on the pleurae and the scutum and the scutellum is prominent. The fore and middle tibiae bear short spurs, empodia are small, and pulvilli missing. The wing surface has uniform microtrichia. The wing venation exhibits radial and cubital forks, the r–m crossvein is distinct, and discal cell absent. The male genitalia is inverted by torsion of segments 5–8. The larvae are eucephalic (Fig. 1B,C). The ventral side of the larval abdominal segments bear ambulatory combs. In Dixa larvae the dorsal side has a number of ‘crowns’ of setae. The terminal complex of segments has a pair of open spiracles in a sclerotized area, that consists of a pair of lateral ‘paddles’ with long hairs and a single caudal appendage with several long setae (float structure). Pupae superficially resemble those of mosquitoes. In contrast, mosquito pupae have no caudal paddles (Fig. 1D). Three types of eggs can be distinguished on the basis of shape (bulbous to streamlined) and microsculpture (reticulate, smooth, or spiculate) of the surface." @default.
- W809671639 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W809671639 date "2004-01-01" @default.
- W809671639 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W809671639 title "Insecta: Diptera, Dixidae" @default.
- W809671639 hasPublicationYear "2004" @default.
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