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- W81490149 abstract "The necessity to form special bodies of local economic-administrative management arose simultaneously with working out of regulations concerning peasants leaving serf dependence. On January 1st, 1864 «Regulations on Provincial and District Zemsky Institutions» which got the force of the law were enacted. By the decree of the same day the regulations were instituted in 33 provinces. The regulations of 1864 fixed the all-estate system of zemsky institutions. The zemstvos ( elective district councils ) were divided into zemsky district institutions and district executive boards ( uyezd uprava ). The zemstvos in provincies ( Guberniyas ) included provincial representative councils ( gubernskoye sobranye ) and provincial executive boards ( gubernskaya uprava ). A district representative council ( uyezdnoye zemskoye sobranye ) consisted of district zemsky representatives ( uyezdnye zemsky glasnye ) who were elected for the period of three years, and so-called «members holding positions» who were representatives of the district ( uyezd ) and the agriculture departments; a deputy from the religious department; provincial or district city heads; the chairman and members of the district zemsky executive boards. The leader of district nobility acted as a chairman at the meetings of the district representative council ( uyezdnoye zemskoye sobranye ). One of reform tasks was to start «the development of local governments which would be as complete and progressive as possible». This statement corresponded to the views which maybe did not become dominant at that time but were certainly widespread in the society. The zemsky reform was to have met two requirements: 1) to improve local economic management and 2) satisfy a want of self-management declared by public opinion. The zemsky reform has neither generated the harmonious and centralized system nor created the lowest link which could have completed the system of zemsky institutions, namely, a volost zemstvo ( volost a small rural district in old Russia ). But nevertheless zemstvos managed to make a considerable contribution into the development of local economy, industry, communication facilities, public health system and educational system. The article also considers the legal nature of emergence and formation of zemsky institutions in the territory of Udmurtiya." @default.
- W81490149 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W81490149 creator A5084053034 @default.
- W81490149 date "2014-01-01" @default.
- W81490149 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W81490149 title "Из истории становления земства в Вятской губернии" @default.
- W81490149 hasPublicationYear "2014" @default.
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