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- W815917808 abstract "This paper describes how public transit systems in the United States have experienced a huge deficits over the past 30 years. Deficits at federal, state, and local levels have been financed by subsidies (capital and operating) as well as local taxes to supplement the farebox shortfall. One of the problems inherent in a subsidy system is that public agencies may not feel compelled to reduce costs since they know that shortfalls will be covered. Indeed, Purcher found that subsidies were negatively related to the efficiency of urban public transit systems. It is in the interest of the subsidizing agencies to design the subsidy so as to reward performance efficiency. Increased efficiency means that in the long run a system might be able to reduce its dependence on a subsidy. In order to design an efficiency-enhancing subsidy, however, there must be agreement as to the way in which efficiency is measured. Part of the problem in public transit is in deciding an appropriate measure of output to maximize with a given quantity oil inputs. Most transit studies either use a measure of capacity provided such as available vehicle-miles or a measure of effectiveness such as passenger-miles." @default.
- W815917808 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W815917808 date "2003-01-01" @default.
- W815917808 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W815917808 title "ACCOUNTING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS IN THE MEASUREMENT OF BUS TRANSIT EFFICIENCY: A DIRECTIONAL DISTANCE FUNCTION APPROACH IN 2000" @default.
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