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- W817314938 abstract "Joyce’s Leopold Bloom is a variation of Ovid’s Hermaphroditus from Metamorphoses. The parallels between the two are numerous and striking. Both are irresistibly drawn to the feminized element of water, both are part woman, and both are outcasts. But while they share these similarities, Bloom is, in other respects, an inversion of Hermaphroditus. Whereas Hermaphroditus resents his body and the womanly water that made it so, Bloom is a ‘‘womanly’’ ‘‘waterlover’’ (U 15.1799; 17.183). While Hermaphroditus’s womanliness rests on the outside of his body, Bloom’s is internalized. Through Bloom, Joyce alludes to, critiques, and reinvents Hermaphroditus, bringing us a man whose womanliness is one of his greatest strengths rather than weaknesses. Ovid deeply influenced Joyce, as Joyce’s choice to title Ulysses in the Latin of Ovid rather than the Greek of Homer suggests. Like Ovid, Joyce is interested in the process of metamorphosis. In Ulysses, machines and doors possess human qualities (‘‘Aeolus’’), waterfalls speak (‘‘Circe’’), women become men (Bella/o in ‘‘Circe’’), men become women (Bloom in ‘‘Circe’’), the dead are resurrected (Bloom’s father and son in ‘‘Circe’’), and Leopold Bloom transforms himself into a Flower (Henry Flower). Moreover, as Joyce and Ovid explore themes of change, flux, and ‘‘metempsychosis,’’ both Ulysses and Metamorphoses construct and imagine relationships between men and nymphs (U 4.339). Ovid’s ‘‘The Fountain of Salmacis’’ tells the story of the son of Mercury (Hermes) and Venus of Cythera (Aphrodite) who, after rejecting the nymph Salmacis’s sexual advances, swims in the fountain of Salmacis and is consequently engulfed by the libidinous nymph, whose prayer that they become forever united into one body is answered. This gives rise to Hermaphroditus, a being who is physically both male and female. In stepping into the fountain, ‘‘whose enervating waters’’ now, according to legend," @default.
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- W817314938 date "2014-01-01" @default.
- W817314938 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W817314938 title "Leopold Bloomed in the Fountain of Salmacis" @default.
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