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- W82190012 abstract "Below the level of the main bronchus, airway smooth muscle encircles the entire airway in a roughly circular orientation and is the primary effector cell regulating bronchomotor tone. In the healthy adult airway, its physiological function appears vestigial. In contrast, in lung disease its role seems unequivocal, particularly in allergic asthma. Contemporary concepts center on the remarkable mechanical and functional plasticity of airway smooth muscle. The traditional view that contraction is its sole function has given way to a new paradigm in which noncontractile properties, such as growth and immunomodulation, contribute to development and perpetuation of airway hyperresponsiveness. Ideas of contraction have advanced from classical sliding filament theory to models that reflect the oscillatory nature of loads imposed on the smooth muscle in the airways. Cyclical interactions of myosin cross-bridges with actin filaments underpin the initial shortening, whereas dynamic reorganization and polymerization of these filaments ensures maintenance of contraction during nonstatic conditions. Aside from contraction, airway smooth muscle content is pathologically increased in some airway diseases. Underlying mechanisms of accumulation in asthma remain illusive but likely involve the phosphoinositide 3′-kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways. Additional pathological functions include its newly described secretory or immunomodulatory properties allowing the muscle to contribute to known alterations within the extracellular matrix in asthma, as well as to mucosal inflammation, by expression of cellular adhesion molecules and release of multiple chemokines and cytokines. Thus, an integrated paradigm for plasticity of function has emerged that encompasses both acute and long-term regulation of contraction as well as proliferation and immunomodulation as smooth muscle effector mechanisms in lung disease." @default.
- W82190012 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W82190012 date "2006-01-01" @default.
- W82190012 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W82190012 title "SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS | Airway" @default.
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- W82190012 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b0-12-370879-6/00372-0" @default.
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