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• W82240872 abstract "Chloroplast membranes have a unique lipid composition, and its importance for normal photosynthetic function has been emphasized by biochemical and biophysical studies. In the last ten years, a new and rewarding way to approach this structure-function relationship has been through the investigation of a series of Arabidopsis mutants with specific alterations in lipid composition. The majority of lipid mutations that have been characterized have little or no impact on the growth and photosynthesis of plants grown at 22 °C and 150 μmol quanta m−2s−1. In general, reduced membrane unsaturation in a mutant line is often (though not always) associated with a slight increase in thermostability of photosynthesis. Conversely, growth and photosynthesis of these mutant plants is often adversely affected at low temperatures. By contrast, two particular mutations, dgd1 and fab2, have shown wide-ranging effects on growth and photosynthesis at all temperatures. Since there are two distinct pathways of membrane lipid synthesis, a single mutation rarely blocks the synthesis of a particular lipid completely. More recently double and triple mutants have become available and these have provided more clear-cut indications about the membrane fatty acid composition required for photosynthesis. Trienoic fatty acids (18:3 and 16:3) comprise more than 60% of the acyl groups that make up the central portion of the thylakoid bilayer. However, a triple mutant fad3 fad7-2 fad8 that completely lacks 18:3 and 16:3 has growth and photosynthetic characteristics at 25 °C that are indistinguishable from wild type. Although photosynthesis is affected at lower and higher temperatures, the consequences of removing trienoic fatty acids from the thylakoid membrane are clearly more subtle than expected. In contrast, the fad2-2 fad6 double mutant which is deficient in dienoic as well as trienoic fatty acids is incapable of autotrophic growth. Studies of this mutant indicate that photosynthesis is the only cellular function that absolutely requires polyunsaturated fatty acids during vegetative growth." @default.
• W82240872 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W82240872 creator A5015557537 @default.
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• W82240872 date "2006-01-23" @default.
• W82240872 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W82240872 title "A Genetic Approach to Investigating Membrane Lipid Structure and Photosynthetic Function" @default.
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• W82240872 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48087-5_14" @default.
• W82240872 hasPublicationYear "2006" @default.
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