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• W822470120 abstract "The purpose of the study was to examine the quality of open test directed to high school and college students. One thousand five hundred examination from various fields of study were examined using criteria based on the writing centers directions and guidelines. The 273 that did not fulfill the criteria were analysed in this study. The commonest mistakes found were: inappropriate usage of action verbs (66%); errors in formulation (13.1%) and the use of titles instead of (9.5%). In my opinion, the two most important findings of the study are the high percentage of inappropriate use of action verbs and inadequate number of points given to questions, since these findings were not described previously. The study results suggest that training teachers in questionwriting should be incorporated in the curriculum for pre-service and inservice teachers. Various ways of composing more coherent test are described after presenting and discussing the mistake types.IntroductionThe technique of asking is a central feature of the teaching-learning process. A correctly formulated question may serve several purposes: it can be used to examine student knowledge, enhance thought processes and advance student's learning skills (Seidel, Rimmele and Prenze, 2005; Altan, 2003 ). According to Ferris (2014), the best way to teach students how to find solutions is to train them how to search for answers. For example, Wong (1985) found that students who knew how to ask relating to the organization of a text showed great improvement in comprehension of the text. Yopp (1988) and Dillon (1988) also examined the connection between asking and the level of comprehension. They reached the conclusion that high-level asked by the teacher are likely to improve students' comprehension. Question can be of several types, some examples are multiple choice (Haladynia 1996, 2013; Crossley, 2011; Fu-Yum, 2013; Hardy, 2014) and openended questions. In the current study I investigate only openended questions.Several articles and handbooks have been written on the subject of writing good questions (Shepherd, 1973; Erkens and Moelands 1992; Meyburg and Metcalf, 2000; Clay and Root, 2001; Jacobs, 2003; Vogler, 2008). For example Erkens and Moelands (1992) suggested several steps in the construction of a question:* Always formulate the standard answer first.* Always check the question against the standard answer. Better yet: formulate first the standard answer and then the question.* Avoid phrases that may not evoke the desired behavior.* Split the question into information and sections.* Use specific command and question formulations.* Discuss (with your colleagues) a number of standard formulations.* Provide information on how to points should be allocated to each answer.* Let fellow experts examine the standard and answers.Jacobs (2003) mentioned several types of inadequate such as: that are ambiguous and unclear, often caused by the use of words such as discuss and explain. His suggestion is to avoid writing essay items that only require students to demonstrate certain factual knowledge. Clay and Root (2001) emphasized the importance of clear and concise instructions and the usefulness of providing examples of worked problems, which helps the students to understand how to answer the question. They also suggested avoiding separate items or tasks that depend upon answers or skills required in previous questions.Shepherd (1973) related to the level of the question, to the choice of action verbs and to the role of appropriate instructive words in the formulation of the question.In this study I evaluated the quality of open-ended test composed by teachers in high schools and colleges and attempt to identify the components that should be used in writing good questionsThe Purpose of the Research StudyThe purpose of the study is to examine and give examples of problems that appear in open test that are likely to mislead respondents and even to cause them to provide answers that are insufficient, lack detail, or are inaccurate. …" @default.
• W822470120 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W822470120 date "2015-06-01" @default.
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• W822470120 title "Formulating Good Open-Ended Questions in Assessment" @default.
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