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• W823668325 abstract "When pondering the issues that make life in Kosovo difficult, and making Kosovo difficult for the rest of Europe, would hardly place at the top of the list. In Kosovo other problems command attention; state agencies, international organisations and NGOs list international organised crime, corruption and economic crisis as the three most menacing spectres in Kosovo. The EU progress report 2012 states clearly that date, has been a lesser threat in Kosovo than other forms of serious crime1 and indeed, incidents of do not occur to persuade international observers that it poses an insidious danger. One could however wonder whether the international community is able to read the writing on the wall when it comes to the increasing possibility of religiously motivated activity. By examining the processes of Islamic radicalisation in Kosovo, this paper argues that, although Kosovo has a secularised Muslim population, radicalisation by stealth has already started, out of view of public opinion, and there is an increasing possibility that a hub will develop in the region. With this aim in mind, the paper first provides a brief overview of Kosovo organisations, then moves on to discuss the religious element of Albanian identity. In the final part it examines the ways in which radicalisation by stealth has already begun. The main claim is that this phenomenon ought to be monitored carefully as it renders Kosovo vulnerable to infiltration by international groups.Terrorism of the PastThe group most commonly associated with Kosovo is the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), also known as Ushtria Clirimtare e Kosoves (UCK). This military organisation was active in the region both before and after the conflict and was even nominated by Tim Judah, Balkan correspondent for the Economist, as one of the most successful military organisations in history in appreciation of the fact that in spite of fighting no battles it was able to make NATO win its war.2 The KLA's bad name outside Kosovo is due to U.S. special envoy Robert Gelbard, who referred to the KLA as a terrorist group3 and U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright. In her memoirs, Madeleine Albright recorded a quite ambivalent perception of the KLA: I sympathised with their opposition to Milosevic, understood their desire for independence, and accepted that force was sometimes necessary for a just cause to prevail. On the other hand she noted that ... often indiscriminate in their attacks, they [the KLA] seemed intent on provoking a massive Serb response so that international intervention would be unavoidable.4The UN Security Council also passed Resolution 1160 which condemned the acts of terrorism by the KLA.5 And there were reports that the KLA was financed by drug smuggling and that it had ties to Islamic fundamentalists, although a CIA report after the war contested such claims.6The KLA seems to belong to the era which coined the adage that one's man is another man's freedom fighter. Although the organisation was officially established only in December 1993, its origins lie in a loosely connected network of Marxist-Leninist groups active for years and dedicated to fighting for Kosovo's independence, and which later converged into organisation. There are several parallels between the KLA and other groups representing the old school national-separatist type of organisation, such as ETA or the IRA. For instance, all of them maintain a political wing which in the KLA's case retains a major presence with former commanders as key figures in Kosovo politics. Two of the most notable are Hashim Thaci, wartime political head of the KLA and the prime minister of Kosovo when it declared independent, and Ramush Haradinaj, who became of the most important wartime leaders of the KLA in western Kosovo, and was prime minister for about three months before resigning in 2005 to answer charges of war crimes at the UN's Yugoslav war crimes tribunal in The Hague (although the ubiquitous posters in Pristina declare him innocent). …" @default.
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• W823668325 date "2013-10-01" @default.
• W823668325 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W823668325 title "Radicalisation by Stealth: Kosovo Case Study" @default.
• W823668325 hasPublicationYear "2013" @default.
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