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• W828752471 abstract "In the EU, the asset value of dams and flood defence structures amounts to billions of Euro. These structures include, amongst others, concrete and embankment dams, tailing dams, flood banks, dikes, etc. Many large dams in Europe are located close to centres of population and industry and the consequences of catastrophic failure of one of these structures would be far worse than most other types of technological disaster. To manage and minimise risks effectively, it is necessary to be able to identify hazards and vulnerability in a consistent and reliable manner, to have good knowledge of structure behaviour in emergency situations, and to understand the potential consequences of failure in order to allow effective contingency planning for public safety. This has led to concerted long term research in Europe (including the CADAM, IMPACT, and FLOODsite projects) to reduce uncertainty in predicting extreme flood conditions and improve predictions of risk due to these structures. The specific objectives of the research described in this paper and the following sessions are to advance scientific knowledge and understanding, and develop predictive modelling tools and methods in a number of areas including: (1) breaching of embankments, (2) catastrophic inundation, (3) mechanisms of sediment movement and (4) embankment integrity assessment through the use of geophysical techniques. What are CADAM, IMPACT and FLOODSITE? The European Commission funds multiple, wide ranging programmes of research and development work aimed at improving the efficiency and quality of life in Europe. Research programmes are typically aimed at addressing European, rather than national issues. Research funding is normally to the extent of 50% for commercial organisations so as to encourage integration and support from industry, which in turn helps to ensure the value of the research. CADAM, IMPACT and FLOODSITE are all projects funded by the Commission that address different aspects of flood risk management. CADAM (Concerted action on dambreak modelling) was completed in 2000 and, amongst other results, provided prioritised recommendations for research in the field of dambreak analysis to improve the reliability of predictions. CADAM did not fund new research work, but provided a mechanism for researchers and practitioners to meet, exchange information and to some extent, co-ordinate existing national research work. The value of funding for CADAM was ~ €250K. IMPACT (Investigation of extreme flood processes and uncertainty) is a 3-year project under the EC 5 framework programme that finishes in November 2004. IMPACT addresses a number of the key issues that were highlighted by the CADAM project. The value of work undertaken by IMPACT is ~€2.6M. FLOODsite (Integrated flood risk analysis and management methodologies) is a new project funded under the EC 6 framework programme integrating a wide range of work, undertaken by 36 different partners drawn from 13 countries. The value of work funded is ~€14M. The focus of work under FLOODsite is on flood risk management in general, whilst CADAM and IMPACT specifically address dambreak or extreme flood related issues. Nevertheless, there are aspects of research under the FLOODsite project that are of continuing interest to the dams industry. The CADAM Concerted Action Project Members of the CADAM project team comprised researchers and industrialists from across Europe who had an interest in the various aspects of dam-break modelling. The CADAM project team aimed to: • exchange dam-break modelling information between participants: Universities Research organisations Industry • promote the comparison of numerical dam-break models and modelling procedures with analytical, experimental and field data. • promote the comparison and validation of software packages developed or used by the participants. • define and promote co-operative research. The project was funded as a concerted action by the European Commission, formally commenced in February 1998 and ran for a period of two years. The principal focus of the Concerted Action was a series of expert meetings and workshops, each of which considered a particular topic (e.g. breach formation, flood routing, risk analysis etc). The performance of various numerical models was assessed throughout by comparison under analytical and physical model tests cases and finally against real dam break data. Detailed information relating to the project may be found at www.hrwallingford.co.uk/projects/CADAM). Findings and Recommendations The final report from CADAM (available on the CADAM website) drew some 31 specific conclusions and identified a series of areas where further research and development was needed to improve the reliability and accuracy of dambreak analysis. A number of these priority areas form the basis for the IMPACT project research programme. These included: Breach Formation Modelling: Considerable uncertainty related to the modelling of breach formation processes was identified and the accuracy of existing breach models considered very limited. Research was recommended in a number of areas including: 1. Structure failure mechanisms 2. Breach formation mechanisms 3. Breach location Debris and Sediments: It was identified that the movement of debris and sediment can significantly affect flood water levels during a dambreak event and may also be the process through which contaminants are dispersed. A clear need to incorporate an assessment of these effects within dambreak analyses was identified in order to reduce uncertainties in water level prediction and to allow the risk posed by contaminants, held for example by tailings dams, to be determined. Flow modelling: The following research areas relate to the performance of flow models and the accuracy of predicted results: 1. Performance of Flow Models 2. Modelling Flow Interaction with Valley Infrastructure 3. Valley Roughness 4. Modelling Flow in Urban Areas Other research priorities were identified under the headings of database needs and risk / information management. These are not detailed here, but may be found in the CADAM final report." @default.
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• W828752471 date "2004-01-01" @default.
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