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• W829736491 abstract "The climate sensitivity parameter that describes the change in surface temperature due toa unit change in radiative forcing has long been assumed to be constant. However, recentstudies found that the climate sensitivity parameter varies, not only amongst models forthe same forcing but also within the same model where it may strongly depend on thestrength and on the type of the applied radiative forcing.By means of the “Partial Radiative Perturbation”-method (PRP-method), a completefeedback analysis of CO2 driven climate change simulations is performed to identify theindividual feedback processes which are responsible for the variation in climate sensitivityparameter. To include all components of the feedback analysis, the stratospheric temperaturefeedback is introduced in this work. It describes the stratospheric temperaturechange due to a radiative forcing. This feedback is found to be weakly positive. Thecombination of the stratospheric temperature feedback and the instantaneous radiativeforcing allows to approximate the stratosphere adjusted radiative forcing which is knownto be a better climate predictor than the instantaneous forcing.In a set of CO2 driven equilibrium climate change simulations, the water vapour, thecloud and the stratospheric temperature feedback are found to vary the most under increasingradiative forcing. Hence, the interplay between these three feedback processescauses an increase of the climate sensitivity parameter when the atmospheric carbon dioxideconcentration is quadrupled in comparison to a doubling of the CO2 concentration.For climate change simulations with a small CO2 radiative forcing, it was not possibleto identify the feedback processes which are responsible for a varying climate sensitivityparameter. Thus, forcings must be sufficiently large to establish significant differences offeedbacks that are interpretable to explain differences in climate sensitivities.Feedbacks of CO2 driven simulations with and without interactively coupled atmosphericchemistry are also compared. Only the stratospheric temperature feedback differssignificantly among these simulation experiments. For the simulation without interactivelycoupled chemistry, the stratospheric temperature feedback is considerably largerthan for the simulation with interactively coupled chemistry where the trace gases couldadjust to the radiative perturbation. The change in ozone is found to be responsiblefor the difference between these simulations. Ozone changes to a CO2 radiative forcingcauses a negative feedback, which reduces the stratospheric temperature feedback, whenthe reaction of the atmospheric chemistry to the CO2 perturbation is included.Moreover, the strengths and weaknesses of the PRP-method are investigated. Thismethod is only suitable for calculating independent feedbacks and to yield a balanceof radiative forcing and feedbacks, if the forward and backward PRP calculations arecombined. If only the forward or the backward PRP calculation is considered, interactionsbetween feedbacks occur, which render the separation of the climate response into individual feedbacks as unpracticable. In particular, the water vapour and the lapse ratefeedback as well as the water vapour and the cloud feedback show large overlapping effects.These overlapping effects are completely erased when forward and backward PRPcalculations are combined." @default.
• W829736491 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W829736491 date "2014-06-01" @default.
• W829736491 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W829736491 title "Feedback analysis of climate change simulations" @default.
• W829736491 hasPublicationYear "2014" @default.
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