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- W83023513 abstract "This thesis examined the possible role of the microfilaments andmicrotubules in controlling the activity of the granulocyte plasma membraneoxidase. There have not been any detailed investigations of this topicpublished to date.The conflicting literature on the nucleotide specificity andlocation of the oxidase within the granulocyte was examined. In vitrotechniques for isolating granulocytes from human peripheral blood and forquantitating the initial rate of plasma membrane oxidase activity were developedand used for these investigations. The involvement of microfilamentsand microtubules in oxidase activity was studied by using pharmacologicalagents known to disrupt these structures in vitro (cytochalasin B, andcolchicine, vinblastine and vincristine, respectively). Control experimentswere also performed to ensure that microfilament and microtubule disruptionby these agents provided the best explanation for the results presented herein.Correlative experiments were conducted to determine if a change inhexose monophosphate shunt activity was associated with the observedchanges in plasma membrane oxidase activity brought about by the drugtreatments.Experiments on non-phagocytic granulocytes showed that microfilamentdisruption led to enhanced oxidase activity, while microtubule disruption produceda dual effect : a paradoxical enhancement (with low doses or briefexposures to the agents) and an impairment in oxidase activity. Theseresults suggested that microfilaments act as a constraint against, whilemicrotubules are required for plasma membrane oxidase activity. The requirementfor microtubules was highlighted in experiments where the usualenhancement in oxidase activity with cytochalasin B was ablated when the granulocytes were concomitantly incubated with a microtubule-disruptingagent. (With phagocytic granulocytes qualitatively similar results wereobserved. However, those experiments were not suitable for studying cellsurface oxidase activity because the presence of ingestable. Particles madeit impossible to determine whether plasma membrane and/or granule oxidaseactivity was being measured.)Based on the spectrophotometric and electron microscopic resultspresented and the relevant findings from other investigators, a schemeconcerning the participation of the cytoskeletal elements in granulocyteplasma membrane oxidase activity was devised. In this scheme the microfilamentsphysically constrain the oxidase within the plasma membrane,and thereby hold the activity of the oxidase in check. Thus, microfilamentdisruption is envisaged to result in enhanced oxidase activity by freeing theenzyme. However, the oxidase is viewed as optimally active only as long asthe microtubules are present to maintain the plasma membrane topographysuitable for the enzyme's activity." @default.
- W83023513 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W83023513 creator A5017695851 @default.
- W83023513 date "1979-01-01" @default.
- W83023513 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W83023513 title "Studies on the granulocyte cell surface oxidase." @default.
- W83023513 hasPublicationYear "1979" @default.
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