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- W833850133 abstract "The Siku quanshu’s claim that Chinese medical learning split into rival schools in the Jin (1115–1234) and Yuan (1260–1368) periods has misled generations of historians. By reappraising conceptions of illness, textual forms, and intellectual groupings—illness, texts, and “schools”—from the fourteenth to the eighteenth century, this article shows instead that the late Yuan was when Chinese medical thinking started to become purposely integrative. Zhu “Danxi” Zhenheng (1282–1358) developed a syncretic approach to medical knowledge based on the then-unusual notion that illness was infinitely mutable and diverse. To cure all patients successfully, he advocated borrowing the best precepts and methods from several masters. This methodology dominated Chinese medical thinking for more than two hundred years and explains why the most influential medical treatises from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century were anthologies of excerpts from past texts. By the seventeenth century, however, Zhu Zhenheng had been reconstrued as a derivative thinker rather than a syncretist. The new notion of “four masters of the Jin and Yuan” (Zhang Congzheng, Liu Wansu, Li Gao, and Zhu) supplanted and obscured the Danxi synthesis, which had included Zhang Ji’s third-century doctrines on shanghan (Cold Injury). The reinterpretation of Danxi as one among many Jin-Yuan masters naturally bolstered the Siku quanshu’s statement about schools. Ironically, even the most virulent critiques of Danxi ended up promoting the same conception of illness and the same syncretic style that he had championed. Danxi’s concepts and methodology are still shaping Chinese medicine today." @default.
- W833850133 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W833850133 creator A5047901314 @default.
- W833850133 date "2015-01-01" @default.
- W833850133 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W833850133 title "3 Illness, Texts, and “Schools” in Danxi Medicine: A New Look at Chinese Medical History from 1320 to 1800" @default.
- W833850133 doi "https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004285453_004" @default.
- W833850133 hasPublicationYear "2015" @default.
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