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• W837835620 abstract "What is software? Humans have struggled to comprehend intangible for ages. If we cannot hold it in our hands we have difficulty envisioning its existence. It becomes ephemeral, like particle physics or gravity--we know it's there, we use it every day, but we can't comprehend what exactly it is. It comes as no surprise that we generate piles of case law on whether software is proper subject for a patent. (1) Before we explore legal status of software under 35 U.S.C. [section] 101, (2) we should define what it is. Is it a set of instructions to move electricity around inside a computing device? (3) That is one way to look at it--but it is akin to saying a hammer is a lump of metal and a piece of wood. The reality is that most of planet is currently run by software. (4) Our financial systems, (5) energy production, (6) transportation networks (7) and a host of other fundamental systems are run using software. (8) In fact, journal you are reading now, like many of its kind, was put together by software. (9) Our current approach to software patentability is very similar to a medieval villager's view of magic. Since we can't comprehend what it is, it strikes fear into very heart of patent system. We turn for comfort to most basic of statutes, [section] 101, to protect us from this assault. (10) Whoever invents or discovers any new and useful machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof, may obtain a patent therefor, subject to conditions and requirements of this title. (11) The most recent case in long and tortured history of software patentability is Cybersource Corp. v. Retail Decisions, Inc. (12) While courts have long had access to 35 U.S.C. [section] 103 obviousness to deal with overly simplistic software patents, we instead look to [section] 101 to attempt to define software--it is not a not a machine, not a manufacture, and not a composition of box. (13) In its analysis of this paradox, court in Cybersource noted that Federal Circuit had generally held that programming a general purpose computer to perform an algorithm creates a new machine.... (14) However, this is not circumstance where algorithm can be performed entirely in human mind. (15) The latter proposition defines problem, in that [section] 101 by itself makes no mention of complexity as basis for subject matter: thing is either a process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter or it is not. (16) We have never had such issues when it comes to manufactures, like hammers. In fact we still grant patents on hammers today, despite basic technology being so old it predates existence of patents, and is too old to even reliably date. (17) The year of 2006 heralded a great advancement in human technology, AntiVibe Hammer by Stanley works. (18) Given starkness of such an invention, lawyers appreciate, lest encourage, straightforward patents--as we lawyers spend few hours educating clients on subject matter. We must clear inventions patentable [section] 101 hurdle before we even begin to discuss [section] 103 obviousness and conditions for patentability; what really amounts to going through same process twice. (19) It is important to point out here that [section] 103 does not even require a prior art citation for rationale to modify or combine prior art: the rationale may be expressly or impliedly contained in prior art or it may be reasoned from knowledge generally available to one of ordinary skill in art, established scientific principles, or legal precedent established by prior case law. (20) Similarly, in a [section] 101 analysis of machine or transformation test for a software invention, we would first look to algorithm to determine if it is one capable of being computed by a human being--that is whether it requires a machine. …" @default.
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• W837835620 date "2012-09-22" @default.
• W837835620 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W837835620 title "Some Math Is Hard, Some Not: Rules for Patentable Subject Matter of Software" @default.
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