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• W838998707 abstract "POSTURAL DESCRIPTIONS are an important feature of decapitation scenes in Anglo-Saxon texts. 'Posture' is denoted through physical positioning, elevation and descent, and prepositional descriptions. is also portrayed through a focus on anatomical order where the head is positioned above other bodily members. These descriptions are used in Old English frame decapitation scenes and portray saints and adversaries, working on typological and tropological levels. THE POSTURES OF ENEMIES AND SAINTS Much has been discussed about the significance of decapitation in Old English texts but the theme of posture has not yet been highlighted. (1) The posture of enemies is used emphasize their vices and their total defeat by a hero. For example, Grendel and Grendel's Mother are portrayed as monstrous enemies through their overbearing postures in Beowulf. They attack their victims when the retainers are lying down (140, 740-45, 1251, 1298), Grendel rips open the doors of Heorot (described as the hall's mouth, recedes mujian, 724) with his hands, and the ruthless hands of Grendel's Mother (grimmam grapum, 1542) make Beowulf fall a physically subordinate position (he on fylle weard, 1544). (2) The defeat of the enemy is also described in terms of posture. Grendel's anatomical order is inverted when his arm is raised above the gables of the hall roof (833-36). This is reinforced when four warriors carry Grendel's head back Heorot (geferian / paem gold-sele Grendles heafod, 1638-39) and across the hall floor as a symbol of victory: pa waes be feaxe on flet boren / Grendles heofod (1647-48). (3) The head is held by the hair (be feaxe) and placed below the victors' hands, emphasizing the hero's victory over the enemy. The decapitations of Grendel and Grendel's Mother are also described in terms of their postures. Grendel's body lies lifeless in the cave when Beowulf cuts off the head: to daes pe he on raeste geseah / gud-werigne Grendel began ... ond hine Jja heafde becearf (1585-86, 1590). (4) Grendel's Mother is also shown have a subordinate posture when she is beheaded: rodera Raedend, hit on ryht gesced ydelice, sypflan he eft astod... yrringa sloh, paet hire wid halse heard grapode, ban-hringas braec; bil eal Surhwod faegne flaesc-homan; heo on flet gecrong. (1555-56, 1565-68) [the Ruler of the Heavens rightly settled it as soon as the Geat regained his feet... and brought it [the sword] down in fury take her full and fairly across the neck, breaking the bones; the blade sheared through the death-doomed flesh. She fell the ground]. (5) Gods justice is reflected in Beowulf's posture when he is able stand again (he eft astod) and in Grendel's Mother's posture when she falls the ground in a physically subordinate position (on flet gecrong). Postural descriptions are used depict the decapitation scenes in Beowulf and they are consistently used portray the hero and enemy. The postures of enemies are highlighted in other decapitation scenes in Old English poetry. I have drawn attention this feature in the biblical poem Judith, where postural epithets are used denote Holofernes's vices and total defeat at the hands of a woman. (6) Many passages from Judith resonate with Beowulf and there are close connections between the texts' decapitation scenes. (7) The decapitation in Judith is drawn out over fifteen lines emphasize Holofernes's unheroic subordination a woman who awkwardly wields a sword. (8) God's justice is reflected in the postural descriptions surrounding this decapitation. Judith's posture is constantly superior that of Holofernes, and these epithets are used throughout the entire poem frame the decapitation and depict the hero and enemy. There are other texts that also focus heavily on posture narrate the deaths of saints. For example, Bede presents King Oswald's sanctity through descriptions of a horse's posture: It happened that not long after his death a man was travelling on horseback past this place [where Oswald died]. …" @default.
• W838998707 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W838998707 date "2013-06-22" @default.
• W838998707 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W838998707 title "Giving the Head's Up in Ælfric's Passio Sancti Eadmundis: Postural Representations of the Old English Saint" @default.
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