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• W84673326 abstract "The objective of this study was the development of a novel liposome-based homogeneous immunoassay. Marker-loaded liposomes are lysed and the released electroactive marker ions are measured by differential pulse voltammetry using a platinum electrode modified with a polymer film which serves to amplify the signal further and to protect the electrode from serum protein fouling. The self-assembly of diacyl-chain phospholipids in aqueous solutions results in the formation of spherical bilayered structures referred to as liposomes. Unlike micelles, which form from the single acyl chain species, liposomes enclose an aqueous void volume which can be “loaded” with molecules. Among the features of liposomes is the fact that antigens can be incorporated into these membranes. Complexation of the antigen-sensitized liposome with its specific antibody activates a series of naturally occurring serum proteins, collectively known as complement, which ultimately form a membrane attack complex that disrupts the membrane. A logical extension of this reaction is the measurement of markers released from liposomes as a secondary response for monitoring antigen-antibody interactions. The advantage of this approach to immunoassays lies in the fact that each liposome can contain approximately 10” marker molecules thereby providing an amplification of the response for each antigen-antibody interaction. This study addresses some of the limitations previously encountered with electroanalysis of liposome-encapsulated species in serum solutions. We have demonstrated the feasibility of using liposomes with a very sensitive electroanalytical technique, differential pulse voltammetry, to determine potassium ferrocyanide [K4Fe(CN)6] after complement or surfactant lysis. The physical dimensions and stability of ferrocyanide-loaded liposomes have been investigated by photon correlation spectroscopy. The effects of lipids and surfactant on voltammetric peak amplitude were determined. Investigations using an ion-exchange polymer-modified electrode demonstrate the ability of the polymer film to preconcentrate the released marker at the electrode surface as well as to protect the surface from fouling during serum-mediated lysis. The system is illustrated by measuring the liposome lytic response to IgM antibody against dinitrophenol (DNP) using DNP-sensitized liposomes via the oxidation of the released ferrocyanide. From this study, we have demonstrated that liposomes can be used reliably as analytical reagents, and we are better equipped to make meaningful interpretations of further investigations into homogeneous immunoassays based on the ferrocyanide/liposome system." @default.
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• W84673326 date "1989-01-01" @default.
• W84673326 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W84673326 title "CHEMICALLY MODIFIED ELECTRODE FOR LIPOSOME-MEDIATED HOMOGENEOUS IMMUNOASSAY" @default.
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• W84673326 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-037933-3.50009-0" @default.
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