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- W851858923 abstract "1,3,7-trimethylxanthine (caffeine) is an ingredient of coffee, tea, energy drinks, drugs and cosmetics. Generally, it is the most consumed pharmaceutical substance all over the world. Although it is easily metabolized, caffeine is present in wastewaters generated by households. Therefore, its detection in streams and rivers shows that untreated wastewaters are discharged into environment. Determination of caffeine in waterways could be an indicator of their anthropogenic pollution. Rudawa is the river flowing through southern Poland, with the river basin area about 318 km. It is a left tributary of the Vistula River, with the river mouth located in the Krakow city. Rudawa is one of the drinking water supplies for the city. It provides about 40000 m of water per year. Water used as a source of drinking water must be the highest quality. Therefore the river on which drinking water intakes are located is the subject of the special monitoring. Water quality monitoring has always been important on Rudawa river and it continues to be monitored today. The aim of this study has been to check whether the caffeine is present in Rudawa waters, to determine its concentration and localization of potential sources of pollution. Samples taken from the river in twelve selected locations along the Rudawa River and its tributaries have been analyzed. Solid phase extraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been used. Caffeine isotope 13-C3 in methanol, Sigma Aldrich, has been used as an internal standard. The concentration of caffeine in samples has ranged from 40 to 380 ng/dm." @default.
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- W851858923 date "2013-01-01" @default.
- W851858923 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W851858923 title "Presence of caffeine in the Rudawa river and its tributaries" @default.
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- W851858923 hasPublicationYear "2013" @default.
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