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- W85282253 abstract "RESUMEL’amidon, ressource renouvelable et peu couteuse, peut etre plastifie (par du glycerol par exemple) et cette plastification permet d’obtenir un materiau appele AmidonThermoplastique (TPS) qui peut etre mis en oeuvre a l’etat fondu comme un polymere thermoplastique conventionnel tout en etant biodegradable. Ses proprietes restant plusfaibles que celles obtenues pour un polymere classique, il peut etre melange a d’autres polymeres (synthetiques ou bioplastiques). Grâce au procede developpe dans notre groupede recherche, il est possible d’obtenir des melanges polyethylene (PE) /TPS ayant des proprietes mecaniques proches du PE, tout en limitant l’utilisation de ce dernier.Cependant, afin d’obtenir des materiaux plus performants, la strategie consiste a etudier precisement l’interface entre les deux materiaux constituants le melange et la morphologie de ce dernier. Ce type de melange etant compose de deux phases immiscibles, un agent interfacial est introduit dans le melange afin de diminuer la tension interfaciale existante entre les deux polymeres. En migrant a l’interface, un agent efficace va permettre de reduire la taille des particules de la phase dispersee et de renforcer l’interface. Les proprietes finales du materiau (en traction, de resistance a l’impact…) peuvent etre ainsiameliorees. Un procede d’extrusion en une seule etape, mis au point au sein de ce laboratoire et consistant en une combinaison entre extrudeuses bi-vis et mono-vis, estutilise pour la fabrication des melanges. Le TPS utilise contient 36% de glycerol et constitue la phase dispersee du melange (20% TPS/80% HDPE). L’agent interfacial estintroduit avec la matrice polyethylene haute densite (HDPE) et sa quantite est donnee par rapport a la phase dispersee. L’agent interfacial PE-g-MA (polyethylene greffe avec del’anhydride maleique) a deja ete teste lors de precedents travaux mais montre un probleme de migration vers l’interface due a sa trop grande compatibilite avec la phase matrice enHDPE. Plusieurs autres agents interfaciaux, de structures chimiques differentes, ont ete testes afinde determiner laquelle des structures chimiques de l’agent est la plus efficace pour compatibiliser le melange PE/TPS tout en permettant la conservation voire l’ameliorationdes proprietes mecaniques : PE-g-MA (la reference, teste pour rendre possible la VI comparaison), PP-g-MA (polypropylene greffe avec de l’anhydride maleique), et trois terpolymeres ethylene-ester acrylique contenant de l’anhydride maleique distribue de facon aleatoire sur la chaine.----------ABSTRACTStarch is a renewable resource and can be plasticized by glycerol for example. Thisplasticization gives a new material called Thermoplastic starch (TPS). TPS is capable offlow and is biodegradable but its properties are still below to the ones obtained for classicalpolymers. TPS can be mixed with a synthetic polymer to reduce the use of syntheticpolymers, such as high density polyethylene (HDPE). The obtained blend, as melted in ourlaboratory, behaves in a manner similar to conventional polymer-polymer blends. Thestrategy used here to obtain a material with good properties is to examine precisely theinterface/morphology relationship.As the interfacial tension between the two components of the blends is pretty high, aninterfacial agent is introduced in the blend in order to decrease the interfacial tension. Bylocalizing itself at the interface, the interfacial agent permits an influence on the dispersedphase particles size, an improvement of the interfacial adhesion and mechanical propertiesof blends. A one-step combined twin-screw/single screw extrusion, developed in ourlaboratory, is used to obtain the blends, the glycerol content in TPS was 36%, the dispersedphase-TPS was 20% (80% of HDPE) and the interfacial agent was introduced in theHDPE-matrix phase. PE-g-MA (ethylene grafted maleic anhydride) had already been testedas interfacial agent but showed a problem of migration to the interface due to its too highcompatibility with PE phase.In this work, performances of a range of compatibilizers presenting different chemistrieshave been studied in order to determine which one provided the best emulsification andmechanical properties to PE/TPS blends such as PE-g-MA (for the comparison), PP-g-MA,and three different ethylene-acrylic ester-ethylene grafted maleic anhydride terpolymers.These three last interfacial agents are noted as PE-Mac-MA, PE-Eac-MA and PE-Bac-MA,the acrylic ester being methyl acrylate, ethyle acrylate and butyl acrylate respectively. Abetter chemical structure of the interfacial agent will allow the decrease of Ccrit, theinterfacial agent critical concentration at which the interface is saturated and at which nomore decrease of the dispersed phase size is observed. Decreasing this Ccrit is essential fromIXa production costs point of view. Detailed analysis have been conducted such asmicroscopy (SEM), image analysis, interfacial area calculations, tensile tests, impactperformance, rheology and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)." @default.
- W85282253 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W85282253 creator A5081552866 @default.
- W85282253 date "2009-10-01" @default.
- W85282253 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W85282253 title "OPTIMISATION DU PHÉNOMÈNE D'ÉMULSION DANS LES MÉLANGES AMIDON THERMOPLASTIQUE/POLYÉTHYLÈNE" @default.
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