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• W857612833 abstract "INTRODUCTION Medical malpractice law has been subjected to strong criticism by both medical and legal commentators.1 It has been challenged as inefficient,2 inaccurate,3 and even counterproductive.4 Although many reforms have been proposed, most tend to benefit one group - either physicians or patients - to the exclusion of the other. Professor Jeffrey O'Connell's proposal provides a reform of the system that is beneficial to plaintiffs, defendants, and society as a whole.5 Although some attention has been paid to combining early offers with explanations of the incident6 or with apologies,7 the idea has never received a focused analysis. Recent scholarship on explanations and apologies allows greater insight into the role they play in conflict resolution, and their importance to an early offers proposal in the field of medical malpractice. This Essay considers such scholarship and explores the advantages of combining early offers with explanations of the incident and/or apologies. I. EARLY OFFERS The early offers proposal functions quite simply. Under it, a medical malpractice defendant has the option to offer an injured claimant within a defined statutory period (for example, within 180 days of a claim) a settlement of periodic payments. In total, these payments would cover the claimant's net wage loss and medical expenses (including rehabilitation), plus a reasonable attorney's fee - presumptively 10% of the recovery, an amount that reflects the reduced legal load created by the shortened process.8 Pain and suffering is not included. The early offer option is totally voluntary - defendants are never forced to make an early offer, and, if no offer is made, traditional commonlaw principles apply to both liability and damages. If, however, the defendant does make an early offer, that offer triggers strong incentives for the claimant: a claimant who declines an early offer will be subject to a higher burden of proof (either clear and convincing or even beyond a reasonable doubt), and the defendant will be held to a higher standard of misconduct (gross negligence), at trial. Despite its advantages, the early offers approach is not overly favorable to healthcare providers. First, only defendants willing to forgo obstructive defenses will be advantaged by the proposal. In that vein, a defendant cannot game the system by making a lesser offer and then gain the advantages of the early offer system. Furthermore, once an early offer is tendered, that can be seen as disciplining offerers by the transformation of the claim into a first-party one. Unlike adversarial, third-party claims, the offeror is subjected to more regulatory supervision by state insurance departments as well as claims based on bad faith for refusal to pay benefits. Second, defendants making early offers must still pay for victims' (often substantial) net economic losses, thereby internalizing the cost of such accidents. The proposal could also include a minimum offer of $250,000 for serious injuries, a distinction carefully defined by statute, when actual net economic losses suffered are relatively small (for example, those by children, homemakers, or retirees). Third, if no early offer is made, or if, despite receiving an offer, the claimant goes to trial and prevails, the claimant can recover for pain and suffering or even punitive damages. This means that awards for noneconomic damages would be reserved for cases where the malpractice is egregious or where a recalcitrant defendant unwisely declines to make an early offer. Effectively, then, the early offer provides the claimant with the equivalent of a major medical/disability policy that covers the claimant's reasonable net economic losses. Injury victims tendered early offers would lose their recourse to full-scale, medical malpractice litigation, but they would also receive payment without the uncertainty, delay, and transaction costs they now face. …" @default.
• W857612833 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W857612833 date "2009-10-01" @default.
• W857612833 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W857612833 title "THE SYNERGY OF EARLY OFFERS AND MEDICAL EXPLANATIONS/APOLOGIES[dagger]" @default.
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