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• W858162925 abstract "ABSTRACTThe current research examined the relationship between individual readiness for aggression and perceived social distance from ethnic out-groups in adolescents. Marked social distance towards an out-group was considered as a sign of greater prejudice towards that group. Results showed that (a) social distances revealed ethnic out-groups hierarchies; and (b) having higher scores on readiness for aggression traits that stand for socially determined aggressive acts predicted higher social distance from the most rejected ethnic out-group (i.e., Roma out-group). The findings suggest that individual traits of readiness for aggression may influence the willingness to engage in contact with ethnic out-groups among adolescents.KEYWORDS: readiness for aggression, prejudice, social distances, ethnic hierarchies, adolescenceToo often in our modern multiethnic societies we assist to episodes of perpetuated discrimination and violence towards out-groups fostering prejudice in the name of national, cultural or religious differences. Among youths, these episodes can be ascribed to other phenomena such as bullying where aggressive and antisocial behaviors are especially directed towards who is considered different. Indeed, prejudice such as other forms of negative intergroup attitudes, is associated to many social problems from the exclusion of ethnic minorities, immigrants, or other groups, to ill health, or even a more generally negative quality of life (see, Paradies, 2006). Negative attitudes are multifaceted and normally distinguished into three components: cognitive (attributing negative characteristics such as being mean or aggressive to members of the out-group), emotional (e.g., liking them less), and behavioral (e.g., exhibiting negative behavior such as discrimination) (Brewer, 1999). In line with the broad range of different operationalization, recent social-developmental research has studied prejudice within a broader framework of intergroup attitude development and clearly indicated that prejudice and other forms of biased intergroup attitudes start in early childhood as soon as the basic processes of social categorization and identification emerge (Raabe & Beelmann, 2011).This has led to the identification of important individual and social developmental factors and processes. For example, it has been proposed that the development of abilities such as social identity (Nesdale, 2004), and moral decision making (Killen & Rutland, 2011) are crucial contributors to intergroup attitude development in children. Other research has focused more on social variables such as social norms (Rutland, 2004), and intergroup threat (Bar-Tal & Teichman, 2005). However, although all this research documents major scientific progress in understanding the emergence of prejudiced attitudes, there is an ongoing debate over when individual and social factors might crystallize in adolescence favoring the formation of steady prejudice (Tenenbaum & Ruck, 2012; Verkuyten & Slooter, 2007). In fact, we know that adolescence is a critical phase of active identity development that includes increasing exploration and formation of one's own social (ethnic) identities (Crocetti, Rabaglietti, & Sica, 2012; Degner & Wendura, 2010; French, Seidman, Allen, & Aber, 2006). During these years, adolescents deliberately face their ethnic, cultural, and national identities and begin to more consciously identify with their in-groups. Therefore, identification processes taking place during this age period may accentuate the perceived differences between one's own group and other groups. For example, some studies have shown that interracial behavior is related to individual aggressiveness and racial attitudes of the family and peers in adolescents (Patchen, Davidson, Hofmann, & Brown, 1977). Others evidenced a positive relation between ethnic and national identity from one side and prejudice from another side (Verkuyten, 2001). …" @default.
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• W858162925 date "2015-03-01" @default.
• W858162925 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W858162925 title "Readiness for Aggression and Ethnic Prejudice among Italian Adolescents" @default.
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