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• W859627414 abstract "INTRODUCTIONMany famous homosexual thinkers and artists are mentioned in historical scientific literature. Among those, the most famous are: Sapho, an ancient greek poetess from the island Lesbos, philosophers Plato and Socrates, Michelangelo Buonarotti and Leonardo da Vinci. Furthermore, among them were also writers Wilde, Whitman, Lorca, Yesenin and many others. It is often hard to define the composers who lived before the twentieth century as people of homosexual orientation, because very little documented data exist about their personal lives, and the information is found in biography books, music encyclopedias, and other records. Therefore the evidence about Corelli's, Haendel's (both with cardinal Ottoboni), Wagner's (with King Ludwig), and Beethoven's (with nephew Karl) homosexuality are uncertain.1-5 Homosexuals were often described as particularly gifted. There are only implied circumstances, but for the most of them we can still determine whether they had same-sex romantic or erotic affairs.6-11JEAN-BAPTISTE LULLY (1632-1687)He composed the first French opera and was a French (Italian born) composer at the court of Louis the XIV who favored him very much. Although his influence on the European opera was immense, his career ended because of a homosexual scandal. His enemies spread various rumors about his homosexual affairs which were mostly untrue. He was incredibly professional, skilled, ambitious and resourceful. He was married and had many children, but an affair with a young man who was educated in the royal service led to the composer's conviction. Lully wasn't legally persecuted, but he had to end the relationship and was banished from court. After hitting his little toe with a baton during a concert he died in agony from gangrene and consequent sepsis.FRANZ SCHUBERT (1797-1828)He was an Austrian composer and one of the first and main representatives of romanticism. He loved company, had many friends and enjoyed eating and drinking. Schubert favored his musical colleagues and mingled mostly in male circles. Based on his lifestyle, passionate friendships and lack of interest for women, most biographers agree that he was a homosexual. He had an affair with an old school friend Joseph von Spaun, a young poet Johann Mayrhofer and young and rich Franz von Schober who were the most important people in his life. He and Schober often lived in the same apartment for a long time. Schubert's alleged homosexuality and its influence on his music are still subjects of many discussions among music historians and critics. He suffered from syphilis and died a sudden death from a typhoid fever.12VINCENZO BELLINI (1801-1835)He was one of the most famous Italian opera composers of the 19th century. He refused to bind with anyone to keep his freedom, which allowed him a lot of travelling, social popularity and success with women, especially opera singers. The main relationship in his life he had with Francesco Florimo. After Bellini's death, Florimo was regarded as his spiritual successor which some biographers thought was a proof of his homosexuality and others just an act of romantic friendship. He was also linked with an Italian tenor Giovanni Battista Rubini. He died at the age of 34 from dysenteric syndrome.13FRYDERYK CHOPIN (1810-1849)Polish composer and pianist. Despite his enormous popularity and extensive documentation about his life, Chopin remains a mysterious person. He was of weak and delicate health and temper, and was very connected to his mother, for whom it was said was his only true love. Although his name was linked with a few ladies in Paris, George Sand remains his only proven mistress despite few intimate relationships with Polish aristocrats. Allegedly there are some letters which mention his love for a young Polish student, his childhood friend. However biographers have different opinions about the meaning of those letters, so his private life still remains a mystery. …" @default.
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• W859627414 date "2014-07-15" @default.
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• W859627414 title "Creativity and Destinies of Some Homosexual Composers" @default.
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