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• W86124906 abstract "Influences on Attribute Selection in Redescriptions: A Corpus Study Pamela W. Jordan (jordan@isp.pitt.edu) Intelligent Systems Program University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 Abstract We report on the results of the first stage of a corpus analysis that tests five hypotheses about how domain and discourse goals and the functions of repetition can influence the content of redescriptions in dialogue. We found a positive correlation between the attributes ex- pressed in redescriptions and contexts in which three of these types of goals are predicted. These results provide us with guidance on the selection strategies we will test in the next stage of analysis. Introduction In an extended discourse, speakers often redescribe ob- jects that were introduced earlier in order to say some- thing more about the object or the event in which it participates. The main goal when redescribing an entity is to re—evoke the appropriate discourse entity. How- ever, a goal—directed view of sentence generation suggests that speakers can attempt to satisfy multiple goals with each utterance [Appelt, 1985] and that a single linguistic form can opportunistically contribute to the satisfaction of multiple goals [Stone and Webber, 1998]. The pos- sibility that goals besides identification could influence the content of a nominal expressionl have not been fully addressed in computational work on generating nominal expressions. The many—one mapping of goals to linguistic forms is more generally referred to as overloading inten- tions [Pollack, 1991]. Overloading can involve tradeoff across linguistic levels [Di Eugenio and Webber, 1996, Stone and Webber, 1998]. For example, an intention which is achieved by complicating a form at the se- mantic level may allow the speaker to simplify at the syntactic level by omitting important information [Stone and Webber, 1998]. Although we have learned that overloading is natural and perhaps even necessary, we have no well supported account of what degree of overloading is reasonable and what forms can more readily address multiple goals in di- alogue. Without such an account, we have no principled way to deploy overloading in the automatic generation of natural language. Without well supported constraints on overloading, we are liable to create overloads in un- natural ways which will actually impede effective com- munication. To investigate whether overloading applies to re- descriptions, we examined 166 non—pronominal re- descriptions found in 13 dialogues of the COCONUT lldentification being satisfied by more than a nominal ex- pression also deserves consideration. corpus [Di Eugenio et al., 2000]. This corpus contains computer—mediated dialogues in which two people col- laborate on a simple design task, buying furniture for two rooms of a house. The participants’ main goal is to negotiate the purchases; the items of highest priority are a sofa for the living room and a table and four chairs for the dining room. The participants also have specific secondary goals which further complicate the problem solving task. Participants are instructed to try to meet as many of these goals as possible, and are motivated to do so by associating points with satisfied goals. The sec- ondary goals are: (1) Match colors within a room, (2) Buy as much furniture as you can, (3) Spend all your money. Each participant is given a separate budget and inventory of furniture and must decide what to make mutually known. Every furniture item in the inventory is described by five attributes; type, color, price, owner, and quantity. In this article, we report on the results of the first stage of a corpus analysis that tests five hypotheses about how domain and discourse goals and the functions of repeti- tion can influence the content of redescriptions in di- alogue. We found a positive correlation between the attributes expressed in redescriptions and contexts in which three of these types of goals are predicted. The positive correlations will guide us in implementing and testing selection strategies for generating nominal ex- pressions. Hypotheses about influences on redescriptions Our hypotheses refiect non—identification goals that could influence the choice of attributes for a redescrip- tion. These goals are derived from work on the func- tions of repetition at the utterance or propositional level [Walker, 1993, Johnstone, 1994] and from observa- tions about task intentions and constraint changes (e.g. matching colors) that were not directly communicated by the dialogue participants. Our first hypothesis is based on the observation that in the COCONUT corpus, people often adjusted task constraints with no explicit discussion (38%)? Similarly to [Walker, 1993] for the propositional level, we suggest that the hearer is inferring changes from the redundan- cies in the redescription. So the repeated property could 2Constraints are found in planning and scheduling tasks as well as design tasks [Di Eugenio et al., 2000, Jordan, 2000]." @default.
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• W86124906 title "Influences on Attribute Selection in Redescriptions: A Corpus Study" @default.
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