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• W863987633 abstract "A decision from United States Supreme Court in summer of 2011 and passage of America Invents Act late same year demonstrate continued interest of courts and lawmakers in determining contours of intellectual property protections. One area of interest relates to intellectual property protection attaching to student-created work at universities. Most of cases and literature discussing this issue analyze work of graduate students at research institutions. These universities typically have comprehensive technology transfer departments and intellectual property policies and agreements. Less attention is given to undergraduate work. Of particular interest in present paper, is extent to which law and university policies determine ownership and rights of stakeholders in undergraduate research. Narrowing issue even further, question is raised as to ownership of ideas generated by undergraduate students in context of entrepreneurship competitions in business schools. Thus, if a student proposes a business model or idea in a competition that eventually becomes next great social networking platform, what rights, if any, do student and university have in creation? In offering provisional answers to this and similar questions, we analyze limited law available, literature related to intellectual property issues raised by student-created work, and a convenience sampling of university business plan competition guidelines from different types of institutions. We conclude that traditional legal doctrines have problematic applicability to scenarios discussed and that universities should adopt ethical and responsible policies that govern undergraduate-generated ideas and creations.I. IntroductionThis article analyzes intellectual property issues raised by undergraduate research and student-created ideas. Even though universities are often sophisticated actors in intellectual property world, many may be unaware of legal tensions that arise when undergraduate students do research or generate business ideas for a class or an entrepreneurship competition. More than this, this article suggests that existing legal doctrines are not directly applicable to these situations. The broad contours of legal relationship between undergraduates and universities continue to change, and this change creates uncertainty. Thus, universities must proceed carefully and responsibly in creating policies related to undergraduate research and development.A. The American Invents Act and Recent Legislative Intellectual Property ChangesIntellectual property law remains a very active field for both practicing lawyer and legal scholar. In recent years Congress fundamentally altered American patent law by adopting a first-to-file regime. On September 16, 2011, President signed Leahy-Smith America Invents Act. This legislation replaces first-to-invent patent system with a first-to-file regime that is more consistent with international rules. Congress amended title 35 U.S.C. § 102 regarding novelty and prior art to prevent grant of a patent if the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to public before effective filing date of claimed invention. . . Furthermore, new legislation provides that [a]ny strategy for reducing, avoiding, or deferring tax liability, whether known or unknown at time of invention or application for patent, shall be deemed insufficient to differentiate a claimed invention from prior art.2 Along with these amendments there is an additional provision directing U.S. Patent and Trademark Office to establish an eight-year transitional program to re-examine certain business method patents.3 This newly created first-to-file rule becomes effective on March 16, 2013.4While legislation contains other provisions beyond score of this paper, highlighted items reflect significant changes and overall importance of intellectual property in nation's current economic and political environment. …" @default.
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• W863987633 date "2013-10-01" @default.
• W863987633 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W863987633 title "Intellectual Property Issues Arising from Business Ideas Generated by Undergraduate Students" @default.
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