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- W86988319 abstract "The tectofugal pathway is a massive ascending polysynaptic pathway from the optic tectum to the thalamus, extending to the telencephalon of the pigeon brain. The dorsal thalamic region, consists of the nucleus rotundus and its subsidiary triangular dorsal cap, the nucleus triangularis. The rotundus is the thalamic relay of the tectofugal pathway and the triangularis is characterised by a complex pattern of segregated input from the dorsal and ventral optic tectum. The deeper layer 13 complex of the tectum harbours at least five different tectal cells, majority of the cells receive direct retinal inputs. They project to the rotundus with substantial descending projection to the brainstem. One of the cells; the type II cell, receives indirect retinal input, in comparison with most other cells which have access to direct retinal input. In turn, some of its population bifurcates with a bidirectional ascending direct projection to the triangularis and descending projection to the brainstem. In contrast to the specificity in the rotundo-telencephalic projection, the ascending triangularis projection is not organised topographically as it covers all parts of the ectostriatum. On the basis of distinct neural innervations patterns of the nucleus triangularis, our assumption is that the triangularis differs functionally from other neighbouring regions of the rotundus. We hypothesise that the triangularis is the integration centre for efference copy command for the initiation of the saccadic thrust phase and simultaneous onset of head-bobbing. Using a combination of neuroethological, neuropharmacological and histological studies, we investigate the functional role of the triangularis in processing efference copy for the feasibility of head-bobbing in pigeons. The bulk of results in this study strongly indicate that, the triangularis as part of the rotundus (visual structure), seems to be neither strictly visual nor motor structure. Rather, it seems to be involved in visuo-motoric integration, including formations of plans for the instigation of head motion for the onset of head-bobbing. We justify the fact that head-bobbing is indeed controlled by efference copy, and we discuss detailed implications of our results in the context of the optokinetic head-bobbing and efference copy command." @default.
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- W86988319 date "2004-01-01" @default.
- W86988319 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W86988319 title "Nucleus triangularis: Anatomical evidence of efference copy for head-bobbing in pigeons" @default.
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