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- W8719711 abstract "Eating behaviors among tetrapods involve a variety of patterns that in ethological terms (Tinbergen 1951) can be classified as (1) nondirected appetitive behavior: movements seeking for a releasing stimulus situation, as the first sign of a specific internal action readiness, based on the motivational state; (2) directed appetitive behavior, orientational movements of head and body released by food sign stimuli that initiate the approach toward food; (3) consummatory behavior: grasping the food and putting it into the mouth; (4) ingestive behavior: jaw and tongue movements that shape and position the food in the mouth, swallowing, and mouth cleaning. This general classification is obtained more or less in carnivores, herbivores, and omnivores. Behavior patterns of type 1 involve rather unspecific body movements and do not show remarkable pecularities across vertebrate groups. Various behavior patterns (type 2) are related to the strategy in acquiring food, such as orientational movements, approaching, stalking, jumping, or diving. The greatest variety occurs in grasping patterns (type 3). Most common is jaw grasping with specific patterns like pecking in birds, prey-head oriented neck biting in feline species, and death shaking in canids (Leyhausen 1965). There are also pecularities in the mode by which prey is put into the mouth: tongue flipping in amphibians and in certain reptiles, striking at prey with claws (predatory birds and felines), grasping food with a trunk (elephant), and manipulation of food with hands and/or feet eventually supplied by tools (primates). Depending on the local position of a prey and its escape strategy, predators display the directed appetitive behaviors in corresponding sequences, or in a combination with the consummatory act (e.g., jumpstrike). Regarding ingestive behaviors (type 4) most common is swallowing and, if teeth are developed, mastication involving rhythmic jaw movements (Nakamura 1985; Lund and Enomoto 1988; see also Chaps. 4, 9, and 10, this Vol.)." @default.
- W8719711 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W8719711 date "1994-01-01" @default.
- W8719711 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W8719711 title "Sensorimotor Processes That Underlie Feeding Behavior in Tetrapods" @default.
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