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• W872521022 abstract "I. INTRODUCTION Although most often associated with the urban expanses of Manhattan and the other four York City boroughs, York State, rife with natural beauty, is study in contrast, where the world's largest metropolis lies only hours away from remote hinterland. (1) Those who easily forget the state's predominantly rural, wild essence need only look to the Adirondacks. New York's Adirondack Park, one million acres larger than Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grand Canyon, Glacier, and Olympic national parks combined, is the last substantially undeveloped area of its size in the Northeast United States. (2) In this region of York alone, there are 2,300 lakes and ponds, 1,200 miles of river, and over 30,000 miles of brooks and streams. (3) Like the Adirondack region, all of York is rich in history, tradition, and wild, natural beauty. (4) Social and economic phenomena in York are intimately linked to the state's physical environment. (5) Moreover, quality is crucial to the enjoyment of recreational activities. (6) To secure, defend, and preserve these natural blessings, the York State Legislature enacted the State Environmental Quality Review Act (SEQRA). (7) Its purpose was, and remains, to declare state policy which will encourage productive and enjoyable harmony between man and his environment; to promote efforts which will prevent or eliminate damage to the environment and enhance human and community resources; and to enrich the understanding of the ecological systems, natural, human and community resources important to the people of the state. (8) SEQRA represented a fundamental shift in York's administrative jurisprudence and has been analogized to an environmental bill of rights. (9) At the heart of the statute is, procedural framework designed to incorporate the consideration of factors into the existing planning, review and decision-making process of State, regional and local government agencies at the earliest possible time so as to minimize, to the greatest degree possible, the adverse consequences of any project that is approved. (10) This requirement--that the potential impact of project must be assessed substantively during its early stages--enables SEQRA, at least in theory, to be powerful action-forcing law in York. (11) In Board of Cooperative Educational Services of Albany-Schoharie-Schenectady-Saratoga Counties v. Town of Colonie, (12) the Third Department, observed that `literal compliance with both the letter and spirit of SEQRA is required [in agency decision-making] and substantial compliance will not suffice.' (13) In practice, however, it is apparent that York courts observe only half of this sentiment at best. (14) Contrary to SEQRA's conservationist spirit, courts have declined to look beneath the sufficiency of the required paperwork to the underlying substantive issues. (15) Some law practitioners claim that judges, relying on the judicial rule that courts cannot overturn agency decisions embodied in impact statements (EISs) unless they find that agency decisions are arbitrary and capricious, (16) have routinely rubberstamped EISs regardless of appreciable substantive deficiencies. (17) Such policy does not embody the serious legal commitment to protection that SEQRA was enacted to provide. This comment deals with an alarming trend in SEQRA jurisprudence: specifically, how courts have emphasized procedural compliance with SEQRA while ignoring its substantive mandate, (18) and the dangers of such judicial treatment. Part I introduces the comment and its thesis. (19) Part II compares SEQRA to its federal predecessor, the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), (20) emphasizing SEQRA's substantive mandate vis-a-vis NEPA's almost solely procedural nature. (21) Part III deals with SEQRA's treatment in York courts, and how two distinct lines of jurisprudence--one procedural and one substantive--originated from several important cases. …" @default.
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• W872521022 date "2001-12-22" @default.
• W872521022 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W872521022 title "Seeking the Spirit of SEQRA from beneath the Paperwork" @default.
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