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- W87292287 abstract "Selective solvency for a variety of organic chemicals at relatively low temperatures is one of the unique capabilities of supercritical fluid processing. Advocates of the technique have used this special characteristic to promote supercritical processing for: sensitive organic separations that are hard to do by other methods such as distillation, recovering valuable fractions from petroleum residuum, detoxifying industrial wastes and contaminated soils, and oxidizing organic-bearing plant wastes. Every gas has a critical temperature above which it becomes a supercritical fluid (SCF) and can no longer be liquefied by increasing the pressure. Carbon dioxide reaches that point at 88F, pentane at 385F, and water at slightly more than 700F. Supercritical fluids have unusual dissolving power; they combine the diffusivity of a gas with the solvency of a liquid. CO2 is a popular supercritical solvent because of its low critical temperature, low cost, and non-toxic nature. Water and various organic solvents have also been studied extensively as SCF's. A disadvantage of supercritical processing is high pressures (typically 30-300 atmospheres), so equipment must be rugged and is therefore expensive. However, sometimes SCF processing is the only practical way to make a separation. Also, low energy requirements can help compensate for the high capitalmore » costs. This article presents examples of current utilization of supercritical fluid processes in the petrochemical industry.« less" @default.
- W87292287 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W87292287 date "1987-05-01" @default.
- W87292287 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W87292287 title "Supercritical fluid processing finds its niche" @default.
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